A global Great Flood occurred in human history
Geological, archaeological, and paleoclimatic evidence consistently shows that major floods throughout human history have been regional, asynchronous, and driven by localized climatic factors rather than a single global inundation.
The claim of a global Great Flood in human history is a specific, falsifiable empirical claim regarding Earth's geological and archaeological record. The retrieved papers examine Holocene floods, climate shifts, and river dynamics across different regions (California, South America, India, the North Atlantic, and the Indus-Ganges basin). None of these studies provide evidence for a synchronized, planet-wide flood; instead, they demonstrate that regional hydrological events occurred at different times and were driven by distinct local factors like monsoon changes, solar variability, and atmospheric circulation. Geological and hydrological sciences have long established that a universal, simultaneous global flood lacks any supporting empirical data and is contradicted by the independent chronological records of continuous human civilizations and sedimentary basins worldwide.
Amdt Schimmelmann, Carina B. Lange, Betty J. Meggers. Palaeoclimatic and archaeological evidence for a 200-yr recurrence of floods and droughts linking California, Mesoamerica and South America over the past 2000 years. 2003. https://doi.org/10.1191/0959683603hl661rp
Paper 0 demonstrates regional and asynchronous flood events driven by solar variability and atmospheric reorganizations rather than a single global inundation.
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Vishwas Kale, Hema Achyuthan, Manoj Jaiswal, Somasis Sengupta. Palaeoflood Records from Upper Kaveri River, Southern India: Evidence for Discrete Floods During Holocene. 2010. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10003-010-0026-0
Paper 1 documents discrete, localized middle-Holocene flash floods in Southern India that did not surpass modern 20th-century flood levels.
Aline Mega, Emília Salgueiro, Andreia Rebotim, Antje Voelker, Joana Cruz, Eva Calvo, Fatima Abrantes. Holocene temperature and productivity variability at the Portuguese margin - evidence from planktonic foraminifera faunas. 2022. https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu22-6379
Paper 2 tracks regional North Atlantic and Holocene temperature and climate fluctuations without indicating any simultaneous worldwide flood.
Liviu Giosan, Peter D Clift, Mark G Macklin, Dorian Q Fuller, Stefan Constantinescu, Julie A Durcan, Thomas Stevens, Geoff A T Duller, Ali R Tabrez, Kavita Gangal, Ronojoy Adhikari, Anwar Alizai, Florin Filip, Sam VanLaningham, James P M Syvitski. Fluvial landscapes of the Harappan civilization.. 2012. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1112743109
Paper 3 describes long-term regional aridification, fluvial quiescence, and declining monsoon precipitation in the Harappan territory, directly contradicting widespread flooding.
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