Certain animal species have evolved behavioral and genetic resistance to human encroachment
Mounting evidence from urban ecology and evolutionary biology shows that various animal and plant species undergo rapid behavioral and genetic adaptations to survive human-induced environmental changes.
The claim is specific, empirical, and testable. Multiple papers (e.g., [1], [2], [5], [9]) provide direct evidence that animals and plants undergo behavioral, cognitive, and genetic adaptations to survive anthropogenic encroachment such as urbanization. No papers refute the claim.
Daniel Sol, Oriol Lapiedra, Simon Ducatez. Cognition and Adaptation to Urban Environments. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198836841.003.0015
Discusses how cognition and behavioral adjustments facilitate animal adaptation to human-altered urban environments.
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Charles Perrier, Aude Caizergues, Anne Charmantier. Adaptation Genomics in Urban Environments. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198836841.003.0005
Reviews genomic studies highlighting heritable changes and genetic mechanisms driving urban microevolution.
Pierre Olivier Cheptou, Susan C. Lambrecht. Sidewalk Plants as a Model for Studying Adaptation to Urban Environments. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198836841.003.0008
Demonstrates rapid evolutionary adaptation of life-history traits in response to fragmented human-altered habitats.
Carlen EJ, Miles LS, Aviles-Rodriguez K, Booth W. A Beginner's How-To Guide to Urban Population Genetics and Genomics.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.73372
Explores how integrating population genetics and genomics clarifies how animals and plants evolve in human-dominated urban landscapes.
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