Atmospheric visibility is calculated using specific standard meteorological formulas.
Atmospheric visibility is indeed calculated using established standard meteorological formulas, most notably the Koschmieder model relating visibility to the atmospheric extinction coefficient.
The retrieved literature consistently discusses standard meteorological formulas and models—such as the Koschmieder model and extinction coefficient calculations—used to determine atmospheric visibility. No papers refute the premise that specific formulas are used; rather, they explore refinements, limitations, or modern computational alternatives to these classical formulas.
Zhongping Lee, Shaoling Shang. Visibility: How Applicable is the Century-Old Koschmieder Model?. 2016. https://doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-16-0102.1
Paper 0 discusses the century-old Koschmieder model, which calculates atmospheric visibility as inversely proportional to the extinction coefficient.
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Chen Liang, Chia-Chun Chang, Chun-Yun Hsiao, Chen-Jui Liang. Prediction and analysis of atmospheric visibility in five terrain types with artificial intelligence. 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19281
Paper 1 notes that visibility is traditionally calculated and measured using meteorological laws like Koschmieder's law alongside scattering visiometers.
Zefeng Zhang, Hengnan Guo, Hanqing Kang, Jing Wang, Junlin An, Xingna Yu, Jingjing Lv, Bin Zhu. A new method for calculating average visibility from the relationship between extinction coefficient and visibility. 2022. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-7259-2022
Paper 4 examines the mathematical methods for calculating average visibility from extinction coefficients and atmospheric composition.
Lo WL, Wong KW, Hsung RT, Chung HS, Fu H. Meteorological Visibility Estimation Using Landmark Object Extraction and the ANN Method.. 2025. https://doi.org/10.3390/s25030951
Paper 9 contrasts modern AI approaches with the classical approach of visibility calculation, which relies on established meteorological laws.
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