The color red has measurable psychological effects on humans
Empirical studies confirm that the color red has measurable psychological, emotional, and physiological effects on humans.
The retrieved literature contains direct empirical evidence that colors, particularly red, influence human emotions, physiological arousal, and conceptual associations across various settings and cultures. Therefore, the claim is supported.
Rikard Küller, Byron Mikellides, Jan Janssens. Color, arousal, and performance—A comparison of three experiments. 2009. https://doi.org/10.1002/col.20476
Kwallek et al. (2009) demonstrated that red interior environments have measurable physiological and psychological impacts, inducing a more excited brain state and altering mood.
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Diana Su Yun Tham, Paul T Sowden, Alexandra Grandison, Anna Franklin, Anna Kai Win Lee, Michelle Ng, Juhyun Park, Weiguo Pang, Jingwen Zhao. A systematic investigation of conceptual color associations.. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000703
Jonauskaite et al. (2020) systematically mapped conceptual color associations, establishing that red carries robust, universal and culturally specific psychological meanings related to attraction and enthusiasm.
Claudia Kawai, Yang Zhang, Gáspár Lukács, Wenyi Chu, Chaoyi Zheng, Cijun Gao, Davood Gozli, Yonghui Wang, Ulrich Ansorge. The good, the bad, and the red: implicit color-valence associations across cultures.. 2023. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-022-01697-5
Jonauskaite et al. (2023) found implicit color-valence associations for red across different cultures, demonstrating that red influences affective categorization.
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