Gold catalysts promote addition reactions across carbon-carbon triple bonds through electrophilic activation
Gold catalysts promote the addition of various reagents across carbon-carbon triple bonds primarily by acting as strong π-acids that electrophilically activate the alkyne moiety.
The retrieved papers consistently support the well-established chemical understanding that gold catalysts function as carbophilic Lewis acids (π-acids) that electrophilically activate alkynes (carbon-carbon triple bonds) to promote addition, hydration, cyclization, and functionalization reactions.
L. Rocchigiani, M. Bochmann. Recent Advances in Gold(III) Chemistry: Structure, Bonding, Reactivity, and Role in Homogeneous Catalysis.. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00552
Discusses gold catalysis and its role in coordinating and activating alkynes through electrophilic pathways.
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Teng Yuan, Qing Tang, Chuan Shan, X. Ye, Jin Wang, Pengyi Zhao, L. Wojtas, N. Hadler, Hao Chen, Xiaodong Shi. Alkyne Trifunctionalization via Divergent Gold Catalysis: Combining π-Acid Activation, Vinyl-Gold Addition and Redox Catalysis. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.1c01811
Highlights π-acid activation and vinyl-gold addition mechanisms in alkyne transformations using gold catalysts.
C. Praveen, S. Szafert. Homogeneous Gold Catalysis for Regioselective Carbocyclization of Alkynyl Precursors.. 2023. https://doi.org/10.1002/cplu.202300202
Reviews π-activation of alkynes as an imperative topic in homogeneous gold catalysis for forming carbon-carbon bonds.
Hermann A, Fürstner A. Collective Total Synthesis of a Unique Class of Liverworts-Derived Cembrane Diterpenoids.. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202518836
Notes the use of π-acidic gold catalysts to activate triple bonds in synthetic applications.
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