Earth's inner core is solid despite extreme high temperatures

the verdict

SUPPORTED

the evidence backs this

Recorded sources

4 sources for · 0 against

Counts group repeated records of the same source within each side. They do not measure evidence strength or source independence.

Multiple high-pressure ab initio and experimental studies confirm that iron and its alloys remain in a solid phase under the extreme temperatures of Earth's inner core due to immense ambient pressure.

The analysis

The retrieved papers consistently study iron melting curves, thermodynamics, and seismic velocities at core pressures, providing robust theoretical and experimental backing that iron forms a solid phase at inner core conditions despite extreme temperatures.

Evidence for · 4

Iron under Earth’s core conditions: Liquid-state thermodynamics and high-pressure melting curve from ab initio calculations

Recorded source metadata

D. Alfé, G. D. Price, M. Gillan. Iron under Earth’s core conditions: Liquid-state thermodynamics and high-pressure melting curve from ab initio calculations. 2001. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.65.165118

Calculates the thermodynamics and high-pressure melting curves of iron under Earth's core conditions, supporting the understanding of solid iron phases at extreme temperatures.

Source citation format

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More for · 3

Melting temperature of iron under the Earth’s inner core condition from deep machine learning

Recorded source metadata

Fulun Wu, Shunqing Wu, Caizhuang Wang, Kai-Ming Ho, R. Wentzcovitch, Yang Sun. Melting temperature of iron under the Earth’s inner core condition from deep machine learning. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2024.101925

Uses advanced deep machine learning and ab initio methods to confirm iron's melting behavior and solid phase stability at the extreme temperatures and pressures of the inner core boundary.

Source citation format

Sound velocity of hexagonal close-packed iron to the Earth's inner core pressure.

Recorded source metadata

Ikuta D, Ohtani E, Fukui H, Sakai T, Ishikawa D, Baron AQR. Sound velocity of hexagonal close-packed iron to the Earth's inner core pressure.. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-34789-2

Examines the sound velocities and structural properties of hexagonal close-packed iron under inner-core pressures, affirming its solid nature.

Source citation format

High Pressure Melting Curve of Fe Determined by Inter‐Metallic Fast Diffusion Technique

Recorded source metadata

I. Ezenwa, Y. Fei. High Pressure Melting Curve of Fe Determined by Inter‐Metallic Fast Diffusion Technique. 2023. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL102006

Investigates the melting temperature of iron under high pressures to establish the thermal profile and boundary conditions where iron solidifies.

Source citation format

The paper trail · every fact has a biography

first checked02 Aug 2026

judged → SUPPORTED · 9002 Aug 2026

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