A bone marrow transplant changes a recipient's blood type
Because a bone marrow transplant replaces the recipient's blood-forming stem cells with those from a donor, successful engraftment eventually leads to the recipient adopting the donor's blood type.
The retrieved literature consistently confirms that successful allogeneic bone marrow and stem cell transplantation replaces the recipient's hematopoietic system with donor-derived cells, leading to a gradual conversion of the recipient's red blood cell type to match the donor's type.
HG Braine, LL Sensenbrenner, SK Wright, PJ Tutschka, R Saral, GW Santos. Bone marrow transplantation with major ABO blood group incompatibility using erythrocyte depletion of marrow prior to infusion. 1982. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.v60.2.420.420
Discusses managing major ABO blood group incompatibilities during bone marrow transplantation, confirming that new erythrocytes matching the donor eventually appear.
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RP Gale, S Feig, W Ho, P Falk, C Rippee, R Sparkes. ABO blood group system and bone marrow transplantation. 1977. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.v50.2.185.185
Examines how ABO-incompatible bone marrow successfully engrafts despite initial antibody barriers.
Taei Matsui, Taketo Shimoyama, Masanori Matsumoto, Yoshihiro Fujimura, Yoshinobu Takemoto, Masahiro Sako, Jiharu Hamako, Koiti Titani. ABO Blood Group Antigens on Human Plasma von Willebrand Factor After ABO-Mismatched Bone Marrow Transplantation. 1999. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.v94.8.2895.420a03_2895_2900
Shows that ABO blood groups on red blood cells gradually convert to the donor's type within months following a mismatched transplant.
Susanna Lam, S. Hultin, J. Preston, S. Campbell. Temporal Change in Blood Group after Bone Marrow Transplant: A Case of Successful ABO-Incompatible Deceased Donor Transplant. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7461052
Notes that patients can revert or change blood types after stem cell transplants.
A Santamaría, A Sureda, R Martino, A Domingo-Albós, E Muñiz-Díaz, S Brunet. Successful treatment of pure red cell aplasia after major ABO-incompatible T cell-depleted bone marrow transplantation with erythropoietin.. 1997. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bmt.1701012
References a patient achieving conversion of their ABO blood group to the donor type following an incompatible bone marrow transplant.
A M Marmont, E E Damasio, A Bacigalupo, D Giordano, E Rossi, G Reali, A Gay, F Dagna-Bricarelli, F Brema, A M Carella, G Santini. A to O bone marrow transplantation in severe aplastic anaemia: dynamics of blood group conversion and demonstration of early dyserythropoiesis in the engrafted marrow.. 1977. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2141.1977.tb00991.x
Documents the dynamics of blood group conversion following an A-to-O bone marrow transplant.
B Bielorai, L Trakhtenbrot, N Amariglio, R Rothman, U Tabori, I Dallal, H Golan, Y Neumann, M Reichart, C Kaplinsky, G Rechavi, A Toren. Multilineage hematopoietic engraftment after allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation without conditioning in SCID patients.. 2004. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bmt.1704565
Confirms erythroid engraftment via blood group conversion from recipient to donor type in ABO-incompatible transplants.
Michael Spencer Chapman, C Matthias Wilk, Steffen Boettcher, Emily Mitchell, Kevin Dawson, Nicholas Williams, Jan Müller, Larisa Kovtonyuk, Hyunchul Jung, Francisco Caiado, Kirsty Roberts, Laura O'Neill, David G Kent, Anthony R Green, Jyoti Nangalia, Markus G Manz, Peter J Campbell. Clonal dynamics after allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation.. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08128-y
Explains that allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation replaces the recipient's blood-producing stem cells with those of the donor.
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