The Antarctic Circumpolar Current developed after the glaciation of Antarctica
Geological evidence refutes the claim that the Antarctic Circumpolar Current developed after the glaciation of Antarctica, instead showing that large-scale Antarctic glaciation preceded the full onset of the circumpolar current by millions of years.
The claim states that the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) developed after the glaciation of Antarctica. However, major paleoceanographic studies (such as papers 1 and 3) establish that continental-scale glaciation began at the Eocene-Oligocene transition (~34 Ma), whereas the modern or deep-reaching ACC developed significantly later (either during the late Oligocene 31-26 Ma or the late Miocene). Thus, glaciation preceded the ACC rather than the other way around, or at minimum, the timeline directly contradicts the sequential premise of the claim. Papers 1 and 3 directly refute the notion that the current formed after the icehouse state was already established in the modern sense without prior glaciation.
D. Evangelinos, J. Étourneau, T. van de Flierdt, X. Crosta, C. Jeandel, José A. Flores, D. Harwood, L. Valero, E. Ducassou, I. Sauermilch, A. Klocker, Isabel Cacho, L. Pena, K. Kreissig, M. Benoit, M. Belhadj, E. Paredes, E. Garcia-Solsona, Adrián López‐Quirós, Ariadna Salabarnada, C. Escutia. Late Miocene onset of the modern Antarctic Circumpolar Current. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-023-01356-3
Paper 1 finds that the modern Antarctic Circumpolar Current developed in the late Miocene, long after the initial Eocene-Oligocene glaciation of Antarctica.
See more details
F. Hodel, R. Grespan, M. Rafélis, G. Dera, C. Lézin, E. Nardin, D. Rouby, M. Aretz, M. Steinnman, M. Buatier, F. Lacan, C. Jeandel, V. Chavagnac. Drake Passage gateway opening and Antarctic Circumpolar Current onset 31 Ma ago: The message of foraminifera and reconsideration of the Neodymium isotope record. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CHEMGEO.2021.120171
Paper 3 demonstrates that the Antarctic glaciation at 33.7 Ma preceded the establishment of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current between 31 and 26 Ma, contradicting the idea that the current preceded glaciation.
The paper trail · every fact has a biography
Challenge the receipt
Citation formatting by citeproc-js (Frank Bennett) and the Citation Style Language project. Source and licenses.
Terms · Privacy · How verdicts work · Dispute this receipt