It is possible to deliberately induce cancer in the human body

Charlotte Kuperwasser, Tony E. Chavarria, Min Wu, Greg Magrane, Joe W. Gray, Loucinda Carey, Andrea Richardson, Robert A. Weinberg. Reconstruction of functionally normal and malignant human breast tissues in mice. 2004. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0401064101

Demonstrates the experimental induction of malignant lesions through genetic modification and xenotransplantation models.

Daniel W. Rosenberg, Charles Giardina, Takuya Tanaka. Mouse models for the study of colon carcinogenesis. 2008. https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgn267

Details the use of chemical carcinogens for rapid and reproducible tumor induction in experimental models.

Rebecca Crallan, Nikolaos T. Georgopoulos, Jennifer Southgate. Experimental models of human bladder carcinogenesis. 2005. https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgi266

Explores in vitro and in vivo approaches using genotoxic and non-genotoxic carcinogens to study human bladder carcinogenesis.

da Fonseca ARB, de Magalhães Junior PFC, Barbisan LF. Revisiting two-stage models of chemically-induced cirrhosis-associated hepatocarcinogenesis in rodents: methodological and histopathological approaches.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10735-026-10899-9

Reviews two-stage rodent models utilizing hepatotoxins to successfully induce liver fibrosis, preneoplastic lesions, and tumors.

Pinheiro GR, de Oliveira MCP, Ferreira LMG, Theodoro GA, Araújo LO, Mascaro GL, da Cruz RGC, Errera FIV, de Paula F, Nolasco LNRA, Dos Santos EVW. Microplastics and mammary carcinogenesis: A review of in vitro and in vivo experimental evidence.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2026.116301

Synthesizes experimental evidence indicating that exposures like microplastics can induce oxidative stress and genomic instability associated with mammary carcinogenesis.

Wanibuchi H. Carcinogenicity of Dimethylarsinic Acid: Evidence From Experimental Models and Mechanistic Insights.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1111/pin.70097

Provides robust experimental and epidemiological evidence demonstrating that compounds like dimethylarsinic acid function as complete carcinogens.

Tejaswi, Singh R, Yadav P, Kumar M, Sharma A. Experimental models of chemical carcinogenesis: bridging toxicology and preclinical pharmacology.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43046-026-00345-y

Evaluates chemically induced primary cancer models that effectively mimic the entire carcinogenic spectrum from initiation to progression.

Tête A, Arnaud L, Le Mentec H, Poupin N, Gallais I, Tournadre N, Duarte-Hospital C, Lippi Y, Mathevet F, Lefort G, Lavau C, Burel A, Surya R, Shay JW, Pilati C, Coumoul X, Huc L, Vialaneix N, Bortoli S, Lagadic-Gossmann D. Characterization of human isogenic epithelial cell lines as a relevant tool to study colon carcinogenesis and interactions between genes and environment.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2026.116228

Utilizes human colonic epithelial cell lines carrying key mutations to model the major stages of chemically and environmentally driven colon carcinogenesis.