Cellular mechanisms determine whether sensitization or desensitization occurs
Cellular and molecular mechanisms directly govern whether biological systems undergo sensitization or desensitization.
The retrieved literature consistently shows that physiological processes—ranging from immune responses and opioid signaling to the endocannabinoid system and growth factor cascades—are governed by specific cellular and molecular mechanisms that determine whether sensitization or desensitization occurs. The claim is well-supported by multiple studies across different biological contexts.
W. Shearer, R. Chinthrajah, Joseph D Hernandez, S. Boyd, S. Galli, K. Nadeau. Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Food Allergy and Food Tolerance. 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2016.02.004
Paper [0] discusses oral tolerance and cutaneous sensitization mechanisms in immune nonresponsiveness and food allergies.
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O. Burton, J. M. Tamayo, A. Stranks, K. J. Koleoglou, H. Oettgen. Allergen-specific IgG antibodies signaling via FcγRIIb promote food tolerance. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2017.03.045
Paper [1] demonstrates that cellular and molecular mechanisms, such as IgG signaling via Fc gamma RIIb, promote food tolerance and desensitization.
L. Guijarro, D. Cano-Martínez, M. Toledo-Lobo, P. S. Salinas, M. Chaparro, Ana Gómez-Lahoz, Sofía Zoullas, R. Rodríguez-Torres, I. D. Román, L. S. Monasor, Lidia Ruiz-Llorente, M. del Carmen Boyano-Adánez, I. Guerra, M. Iborra, J. Cabriada, L. Bujanda, C. Taxonera, V. García‐Sánchez, I. Marín-Jiménez, M. Acosta, I. Vera, M. Martín-Arranz, F. Mesonero, L. Sempere, F. Gomollón, J. Hinojosa, M. Álvarez-Mon, J. Gisbert, M. Ortega, B. Hernández-Breijo, on behalf of the PREDICROHN study group from GETEC. Relationship between IGF-1 and body weight in inflammatory bowel diseases: Cellular and molecular mechanisms involved.. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112239
Paper [2] shows that receptor re-sensitization of the IGF-1/IRS-1/AKT cascade mediates the beneficial therapeutic effects in experimental colitis.
Z. Pan. Mechanisms of Opioid Tolerance. 2007. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-75269-3_30
Paper [3] details how molecular and cellular mechanisms, including receptor phosphorylation and internalization, determine opioid tolerance and desensitization.
Saldaña R, Carrascosa AJ, Torregrosa AB, Navarrete F, García-Gutiérrez MS, Manzanares J. Dual Role of the Spinal Endocannabinoid System in Response to Noxious Stimuli: Antinociceptive Pathways and Neuropathic Pain Mechanisms.. 2025. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262110692
Paper [4] examines cellular and molecular mechanisms determining whether the spinal endocannabinoid system inhibits or promotes pain signaling.
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