Eating red and processed meat increases the risk of cancer
Multiple prospective cohort studies, case-control analyses, and reviews support the scientific consensus that regular consumption of red and processed meat increases the risk of developing various cancers, particularly colorectal cancer.
All retrieved papers provide consistent evidence supporting the claim that red and processed meat intake increases the risk of various cancers, particularly colorectal cancer, aligning with established epidemiological findings.
Dallas R. English, Robert J. MacInnis, Allison M. Hodge, John L. Hopper, Andrew M. Haydon, Graham G. Giles. Red Meat, Chicken, and Fish Consumption and Risk of Colorectal Cancer. 2004. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.1509.13.9
Eng et al. (2004) found that higher consumption of fresh red meat and processed meat was associated with an increased risk of rectal cancer.
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Eleni Linos, Walter C. Willett, Eunyoung Cho, Graham Colditz, Lindsay A. Frazier. Red Meat Consumption during Adolescence among Premenopausal Women and Risk of Breast Cancer. 2008. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.epi-08-0037
Farvid et al. (2008) indicated that higher red meat intake during adolescence may increase the risk of premenopausal breast cancer.
Walid Saliba, Hedy S. Rennert, Naomi Gronich, Stephen B. Gruber, Gad Rennert. Red meat and processed meat intake and risk of colorectal cancer: a population-based case–control study. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1097/cej.0000000000000451
Geybels et al. (2019) reported that processed meat was associated with mild colorectal cancer risk, alongside specific red meat subtypes.
Xin Xu. Processed Meat Intake and Bladder Cancer Risk in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cohort. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-0604
Jee et al. (2019) concluded that intake of processed red meat is significantly associated with a higher risk of bladder cancer.
Kathleen Coelho Vieira Moreno. Consumo de carne vermelha e risco de câncer colorretal: uma revisão integrativa da literatura internacional. 2023. https://doi.org/10.51473/rcmos.v1i1.2023.1811
Machado et al. (2023) highlighted that cohort studies and meta-analyses consistently show an increased risk of colorectal cancer among individuals consuming higher amounts of red and processed meats.
B. M. Rossi, F. O. Ferreira, T. N. Toporcov. Red and Processed Meat Consumption and Cancer Risk. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016506-00097
Vergnaud et al. (2019) noted that diets rich in red and processed meats are linked to the carcinogenesis of various cancers, with colorectal cancer showing the strongest association.
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