D-block electrons participate in valence bonding depending on the oxidation state and chemical environment of the transition metal.
Transition metal d-block electrons actively participate in valence bonding, with their exact contribution modulated by the metal's oxidation state and local coordination environment.
The retrieved papers consistently demonstrate that the participation of transition metal d-electrons in bonding, coordination, and redox mechanisms depends heavily on oxidation states, coordination geometry, and chemical environments.
Tu Nguyen. Bond Valence Sum: A Powerful Tool for Determination of Oxidation States of Metal Ions in Coordination Compounds. 2020. https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.12317546.v1
Paper 0 establishes that transition metal ions adopt varying oxidation states in coordination compounds, which fundamentally dictate bond lengths and valency.
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Karmakar A, Satheesan AK, Kundu S. Why and when does lattice oxygen participate in oxygen evolution?. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1039/d6sc00812g
Paper 2 demonstrates that transition metal oxidation states and local coordination environments directly control electronic saturation and participation in bonding and redox processes.
Bai Z, Martelles MC, Gao Q, Beck NB, Brannon JP, Sperling JM, Albrecht TE. Covalency of M-N Bonds in Isomorphous Lanthanide and Actinide 5‑(2-Pyridyl)‑1<i>H</i>‑tetrazolate Complexes.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacsau.5c01374
Paper 9 shows how specific d-orbital and metal-ligand orbital interactions vary across different metal centers depending on electronic configuration and chemical environment.
Huang Z, Li Y, Zhang X, Chen X, Xu J, Wei H. Elucidating the Oxygen-Activation Mechanism in Nonheme Mn<sup>II</sup>-, Fe<sup>II</sup>-, or Co<sup>II</sup>-Containing MOFs Mimicking Fe<sup>II</sup>/2-Oxoglutarate-Dependent Complexes.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6c00307
Paper 10 reveals that substituting different transition metal centers alters the specific high-spin intermediates and oxygen-activation pathways, reflecting chemical environment dependence.
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