Fetuses send stem cells to their mothers during pregnancy to repair maternal organ damage
Evidence from animal and human studies indicates that bidirectional cell trafficking during pregnancy allows fetal stem cells to enter the maternal circulation, home in on sites of maternal injury, and participate in tissue repair.
Multiple studies demonstrate that fetal cells traffic into the mother (fetal microchimerism), possess stem cell characteristics, and selectively home in on maternal injury sites such as brain lesions or skin wounds where they can contribute to tissue repair processes.
Fetal cells can enter the maternal circulation and participate in tissue repair during pregnancy, but sources do not establish that sending them is the primary purpose or function.
Xiao‐Wei Tan, Hong Liao, Li Sun, Masaru Okabe, Zhi‐Cheng Xiao, Gavin S. Dawe. Fetal Microchimerism in the Maternal Mouse Brain: A Novel Population of Fetal Progenitor or Stem Cells Able to Cross the Blood–Brain Barrier?. 2005. https://doi.org/10.1634/stemcells.2004-0169
Demonstrates that fetal cells enter the maternal brain, proliferate after injury, and adopt neural cell morphologies.
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Diana W. Bianchi, Kiarash Khosrotehrani, Sing Sing Way, Tippi C. MacKenzie, Ingeborg M. Bajema, Keelin O’Donoghue. Forever Connected: The Lifelong Biological Consequences of Fetomaternal and Maternofetal Microchimerism. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/hvaa304
Highlights that fetal cells play a role in maternal tissue repair and wound healing associated with injury and inflammation.
Mark Mikhail, Hanane M’Hamdi, John Welsh, Nataša Levičar, S. B. Marley, Joanna P. Nicholls, Nagy Habib, Lucia Louis, Nicholas M. Fisk, M. Y. Gordon. High frequency of fetal cells within a primitive stem cell population in maternal blood. 2008. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dem417
Identifies primitive CD34+ stem cells in maternal blood as fetal in origin, capable of long-term persistence and tissue colonization.
Jiang F. Zhong, L. Weiner. Role of Fetal Stem Cells in Maternal Tissue Regeneration. 2007. https://doi.org/10.1177/117762500700100011
Shows that maternal tissue injuries increase fetal microchimerism and that fetal stem cells migrate to sites of maternal injury.
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