Democratic governance systems existed in parts of India prior to British colonization
Historical and scholarly evidence confirms that various democratic governance systems, including tribal assemblies and oligarchic republics, existed in parts of ancient India long before British colonization.
The retrieved literature, specifically papers [3] and [4], explicitly supports the claim by detailing the historical existence of democratic and representative institutions like the Sabha, Samiti, and ancient oligarchic republics in pre-colonial India. No papers refute this claim.
V. Shivaji Ganesh. Governance in Ancient India: Lessons to Draw. 2025. https://doi.org/10.37648/ijrssh.v15i06.008
The paper documents that ancient Indian governance featured early Vedic assemblies and oligarchic republics like the Vrijjis and Malls prior to centralized empires.
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G. Sood. Parliamentary Democracy in India: Legal Issues and Challenges. 2017. https://doi.org/10.22190/FULP1701095S
The paper notes that while the post-independence Indian constitution adopted a British model of parliamentary democracy, democratic institutions and representative assemblies such as the Sabha and Samiti existed in ancient India.
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