Complex systems exhibit emergent abilities that are absent in individual components
Complex systems frequently display emergent properties and collective behaviors that cannot be predicted by studying their individual components in isolation.
The retrieved papers consistently support the foundational premise of complex systems science: that interactions among components generate emergent properties absent at lower levels of reductionist analysis.
Aguadé-Gorgorió G, Kéfi S. Emergent coexistence and the limits of reductionism in ecological communities.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1014116
Paper 0 shows that indirect effects and high diversity in ecological communities lead to emergent coexistence patterns that cannot be fully explained by individual pairwise interactions.
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Rizi AK. What is emergence, after all?. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgag010
Paper 1 explains emergence as a measurable phenomenon where collective behaviors arise from interactions among components but cannot be readily inferred from components in isolation.
Qing Yan. From pharmacogenomics and systems biology to personalized care: a framework of systems and dynamical medicine.. 2014. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0956-8_1
Paper 10 notes that complex adaptive systems possess features such as emergence, nonlinearity, and self-organization that are absent in isolated biological components.
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