The Indian Ocean geoid low lowers sea level via mass deficits in the mantle
Geophysical studies strongly support that the Indian Ocean geoid low is generated by mass and density anomalies residing in the mantle.
The retrieved papers [1], [3], and [10] provide direct geophysical evidence regarding the origin of the Indian Ocean Geoid Low, attributing it to mantle density anomalies (such as combinations of lower-mantle high-density material and upper-mantle low-density plumes). None of the retrieved papers refute the premise that mantle mass deficits or density structures drive the geoid low.
Attreyee Ghosh, G. Thyagarajulu, Bernhard Steinberger. The Importance of Upper Mantle Heterogeneity in Generating the Indian Ocean Geoid Low. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017gl075392
This study investigates the Indian Ocean Geoid Low and attributes its origin to mantle density anomalies, specifically combining lower mantle high-density structures and upper mantle low-density variations.
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B. Padma Rao, M. Ravi Kumar, Dipankar Saikia. Seismic Evidence for a Hot Mantle Transition Zone Beneath the Indian Ocean Geoid Low. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020gc009079
The research examines the mantle transition zone beneath the Indian Ocean Geoid Low and discusses how density variations and hot mid-mantle anomalies contribute to this prominent geoid anomaly.
Bernhard Steinberger, Samurdhika Rathnayake, Elodie Kendall. The Indian Ocean Geoid Low at a plume-slab overpass. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1002/essoar.10506299.1
This paper models the Indian Ocean Geoid Low using mantle density configurations, confirming that the anomaly arises from an interplay of positive and negative density anomalies across the upper and lower mantle.
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