Contraception effectiveness percentages reflect typical per-year use rather than per-event use
Contraception effectiveness and failure percentages are standardly reported as typical-use or perfect-use rates over a one-year period (such as per 100 woman-years) rather than as a probability per individual sexual act.
The provided literature consistently measures contraceptive efficacy and failure using metrics like the Pearl Index (pregnancies per 100 woman-years) and multi-month or annual life-table failure rates (such as 12-month or 13-cycle rates), which supports the claim that contraception effectiveness percentages reflect typical per-year use rather than per-event use.
C. Polis, S. Bradley, A. Bankole, Tsuyoshi Onda, T. Croft, Susheela Singh. Typical-use contraceptive failure rates in 43 countries with Demographic and Health Survey data: summary of a detailed report. 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2016.03.011
The study estimates typical-use contraceptive failure rates across 12, 24, and 36 months of use, reflecting per-year risk rather than per-event risk.
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E. B. Scherwitzl, O. Lundberg, H. Kallner, H. Kallner, K. Danielsson, James Trussell, James Trussell, R. Scherwitzl. Perfect-use and typical-use Pearl Index of a contraceptive mobile app. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2017.08.014
The study evaluates the typical-use Pearl Index as the number of pregnancies per 100 woman-years, tracking failure over annual periods of use.
V. Jennings, Liya T Haile, R. Simmons, J. Spieler, Dominick C Shattuck. Perfect- and typical-use effectiveness of the Dot fertility app over 13 cycles: results from a prospective contraceptive effectiveness trial. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2019.1581164
The study determines typical-use failure rates using multi-censoring life-table analysis over 13 cycles, which corresponds to per-year use effectiveness.
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