Certain metal compounds form predominantly covalent bonds
Multiple computational studies demonstrate that certain metal compounds, including transition metal and actinide systems, exhibit significant covalent bonding characteristics.
The retrieved papers provide robust theoretical and quantum chemical evidence (using DFT, QTAIM, and orbital analyses) showing that various metal complexes and intermetallic compounds possess substantial covalent bonding or partial covalent character, directly supporting the claim.
Nguyen LH, Truong TN. Partial Sigma Covalent Bonding in Transition Metals.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcc.70373
This study establishes that partial sigma-covalent bonding is a general electronic phenomenon extending to various transition-metal systems.
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Xu X, Xiao C. Pressure-induced spin transition and emergence of ϕ bonds in actinide sandwich complexes An<sup>III</sup>(COT)<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup>/An<sup>IV</sup>(COT)<sub>2</sub> (An = U, Np, Pu).. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1039/d6cp00460a
The research demonstrates that actinide complexes form significant covalent contributions and directional covalent-like metal-ligand interactions under pressure.
Hassan ME, Khan MR, Hossain Z, Alam MK, Rashid MA, Ali ML. Tuning the structural and physical properties of Hf<sub>5</sub>Si<sub>3</sub> intermetallic compound under pressure: insights for next-generation high-temperature technology.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-52144-z
Analysis of the intermetallic silicide Hf5Si3 confirms substantial covalent bonding characteristics alongside metallic contributions.
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