It is possible to rotate or turn in space without external propulsion.
An isolated system can rotate or reorient itself in space without external propulsion by utilizing internal movable parts, relying on the conservation of total angular momentum.
The claim is a specific and empirically verifiable statement about physics and mechanics (specifically, conservation of angular momentum in nonrigid or articulated systems). Multiple retrieved papers, including theoretical analyses of multi-body systems, simulations of robots, and observations of biological specimens, directly confirm that internal shape changes or moving parts allow an isolated system to rotate or turn in space without external thrust or propulsion.
Jusufi A, Goldman DI, Revzen S, Full RJ. Active tails enhance arboreal acrobatics in geckos.. 2008. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0711944105
Demonstrates that an isolated animal (gecko) can perform air-righting maneuvers and change orientation in mid-air with zero total angular momentum using internal body movements.
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Heping Li, Ren Li. Zero-Disturbance Control of Free-Floating Space Manipulators Using Integral-Type Sliding Mode Control. 2015. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/308305
Shows that a free-floating space system can adjust its spacecraft attitude and rotate without external propulsion by exploiting internal joint movements via angular momentum conservation.
Saporta Katz O, Efrati E. Self-Driven Fractional Rotational Diffusion of the Harmonic Three-Mass System.. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.122.024102
Proves mathematically and physically that an isolated nonrigid system can freely change its orientation in space due to the nonholonomic nature of angular momentum conservation.
Roscia F, Cumerlotti A, Del Prete A, Semini C, Focchi M. Orientation Control System: Enhancing Aerial Maneuvers for Quadruped Robots.. 2023. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23031234
Confirms that quadruped robots can control and adjust their orientation in mid-flight without external propulsion using internal reaction wheels based on the conservation of angular momentum.
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