The Han ethnic group became the largest ethnic group in China through specific historical demographic shifts
Genetic and historical studies confirm that the Han ethnic group's growth and dominance were driven by significant demographic shifts, including the southward expansion and admixture of northern agricultural populations with indigenous groups over millennia.
The retrieved papers provide robust genetic and historical evidence demonstrating that the expansion, demographic dominance, and current genetic landscape of the Han ethnic group were driven by specific historical shifts, particularly the southward migration and demic diffusion of ancient Yellow River-related farming populations into southern China and subsequent admixture with local groups. Papers 1, 6, 7, and 9 explicitly detail these population movements and genetic legacies. Therefore, the claim is supported.
Sun Q, Wang M, Lu T, Duan S, Liu Y, Chen J, Wang Z, Sun Y, Li X, Wang S, Lu L, Hu L, Yun L, Yang J, Yan J, Nie S, Zhu Y, Chen G, Wang CC, Liu C, He G, Tang R. Differentiated adaptative genetic architecture and language-related demographical history in South China inferred from 619 genomes from 56 populations.. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-024-01854-9
Demonstrates how demographic expansions and admixtures between northern groups and southern indigenous populations shaped the genetic structure of populations in southern China.
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Liu Y, Luo L, Jiang Y, Zhao M, Yang T, Wang Z, Luo L, Feng Y, Zhu Z, Wang Y, Zhang L, Zhu B, Liu C, Tang R, Wang M, He G. Modern and Ancient Genomes Reveal Neolithic Paternal Expansions of Millet and Rice Farmers and Demic Diffusion from China into Mainland Southeast Asia.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202515930
Highlights the paternal contributions and demic diffusion of ancient farmers and Han descendants that expanded throughout China and into Southeast Asia.
He H, Kong X, Tao L, Zhu L, Wang X, Xu M, Chen Y, Zhu K, Xu Y, Chen H, Ma H, Wang R, Yang X, Bai T, Guo J, Yang Y, Jia X, Wang CC. Genetic stability in the lower Yangtze River basin from Song to Qing Dynasty.. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-025-02343-3
Shows that contemporary populations in regions like the lower Yangtze basin are direct genetic descendants of historical groups shaped by southward expansions of Yellow River-related ancestry.
Yang T, Liu Y, Zou S, Li X, Wang Z, Luo L, Tang R, Liu C, Hu L, He G, Nie S, Wang M. Patrilineages of ethnolinguistically diverse populations reveal multifactorial influences on Chinese paternal population stratification.. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-025-02442-1
Provides large-scale Y-chromosome data indicating that migration patterns, farming-language dispersals, and complex admixture shaped Chinese population structures.
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