Molecular mechanisms determine whether a gene is dominant or recessive
Molecular mechanisms, including enzyme kinetics, metabolic flux, and specific protein interactions, determine whether a given gene mutation is expressed as dominant or recessive.
The retrieved papers provide strong biochemical and genetic evidence showing that dominance is governed by underlying molecular mechanisms such as enzyme kinetics, systemic metabolic flux, and specific gene targets, rather than being a purely abstract inheritance pattern.
Henrik Kacser, James A Burns. THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF DOMINANCE. 1981. https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/97.3-4.639
This foundational study demonstrates that dominance and phenotypic effects emerge from systemic properties, enzyme kinetics, and metabolic fluxes rather than being intrinsic, isolated properties of the genes themselves.
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J van Brederode, G van Nigtevecht. DOMINANCE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN TWO ALLELIC GENES CONTROLLING GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASES WITH DIFFERENT SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITY IN MELANDRIUM. 1974. https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/77.3.507
This paper shows that dominance between allelic variants can be determined by biochemical parameters such as differences in Vmax and enzyme kinetics rather than transcriptional control.
M. Grace Allen, Artemiza Martínez, Gregory I. Lang. Prevalence, distribution, and mechanisms of genetic dominance in the yeast mating pathway. 2025. https://doi.org/10.64898/2025.12.16.694484
This recent study investigates the specific molecular basis and genetic architecture of dominant versus recessive mutations in a eukaryotic pathway.
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