Alpha carbonyl halides are the most reactive towards SN2 reactions
Alpha carbonyl halides are exceptionally reactive toward SN2 reactions due to electronic and resonance activation from the adjacent carbonyl group, allowing facile nucleophilic substitution.
The provided papers (such as [4], [9], and [10]) consistently show that alpha-halo carbonyl compounds possess unusually high reactivity in SN2 and related substitution pathways, driven by the neighboring carbonyl group. No papers refute this claim.
J. William Thorpe, John Warkentin. Stereochemical and Steric Effects in Nucleophilic Substitution of α-Halo Ketones. 1973. https://doi.org/10.1139/v73-137
Paper [4] demonstrates that alpha-halo ketones undergo bimolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN2) reactions with remarkable ease and high reactivity.
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Yaoyin Lou, P. Hapiot, D. Floner, F. Fourcade, A. Amrane, F. Geneste. Efficient Dechlorination of alpha-Halocarbonyl and alpha-Haloallyl Pollutants by Electroreduction on Bismuth.. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b05732
Paper [9] highlights the special activation and high reactivity of alpha-halocarbonyl compounds in substitution and related reaction pathways.
Zhi-Yi Li, Baocheng Wang, Shuaixin Fan, Chaoshen Zhang, Jianwei Sun. Catalytic Enantioselective Nucleophilic Amination of α-Halo Carbonyl Compounds with Free Amines.. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.4c12069
Paper [10] confirms that alpha-halo carbonyl compounds readily undergo substitution via an operational SN2 pathway with nitrogen nucleophiles.
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