Empirical studies establish a clear consensus on the primary determinants of educational achievement
Empirical research consistently identifies student-proximal factors such as self-efficacy, self-regulation, family engagement, and teacher support as primary determinants of educational achievement.
The claim states that empirical studies establish a clear consensus on the primary determinants of educational achievement. Multiple recent studies (e.g., PISA analyses and systematic reviews) converge on key factors like self-efficacy, self-regulation, motivation, and family/teacher support as primary predictors of academic success. Therefore, the evidence supports the claim.
Djekourmane D, Zhang W, Aziku M, Wu D, Zhang Y. Using machine learning to predict student mathematics performance in six East Asian countries: evidence from PISA 2022.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1840049
Paper 1 identifies student-proximal determinants such as mathematics self-efficacy as dominant predictors of academic performance.
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Salvo-Garrido S, Polanco-Levicán K, Cisternas-Salcedo P, Moraga-Pumarino A. Educational Trajectories and Academic Achievement from Primary to Secondary Education: A Systematic Review of Individual, Family, School, and Contextual Factors.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs16040608
Paper 2 demonstrates through a systematic review that educational trajectories and academic achievement are shaped by interacting personal, family, school, and contextual factors.
Meng D, Wan ATK. From Predictors to Mechanisms: Interpretable Artificial Intelligence Evidence on Mathematics Achievement and Cognitive Learning Systems.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence14060091
Paper 5 shows how psychological and self-regulatory factors systematically organize learning processes to determine academic achievement outcomes.
Li H, Guan R, Zhao H, Han H, Li X, Cui Z. Exploring heterogeneous profiles of academic performance among college students: a latent profile and LASSO regression analysis.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1732350
Paper 9 confirms via regression analysis that general self-efficacy and perceived social support are stable predictors of academic performance categories.
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