The HPV vaccine does not treat existing infections
Standard prophylactic HPV vaccines prevent new infections but do not treat existing ones, which has spurred research into distinct therapeutic vaccines.
The retrieved papers consistently state that commercially available, approved prophylactic HPV vaccines do not treat or eliminate existing HPV infections or pre-existing lesions, while ongoing research focuses on developing separate therapeutic vaccines for that purpose.
J. Chandra, S. Teoh, P. Kuo, Lynn Tolley, A. Bashaw, Z. Tuong, Yang Liu, Zibin Chen, J. Wells, Chengzhong Yu, I. Frazer, Meihua Yu. Manganese-Doped Silica-Based Nanoparticles Promote the Efficacy of Antigen-Specific Immunotherapy. 2021. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.2000355
Prophylactic human papillomavirus vaccines are commercially available for prevention but are not able to combat pre-existing infections.
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C. Jindra, Bettina Huber, S. Shafti-Keramat, M. Wolschek, B. Ferko, T. Muster, S. Brandt, R. Kirnbauer. Attenuated Recombinant Influenza A Virus Expressing HPV16 E6 and E7 as a Novel Therapeutic Vaccine Approach. 2015. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0138722
Prophylactic vaccines have no therapeutic effect on existing lesions or infections.
Lanfang Zhu, J. Pu, Yufen Tao, Lei Shi, Shuyuan Liu, Xinwen Zhang, Weipeng Liu, Minghao Sun, Yufeng Yao, Li Shi. A therapeutic multi-epitope protein vaccine targeting HPV16 E6 E7 elicits potent tumor regression and cytotoxic immune responses. 2025. https://doi.org/10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2025.0370
As prophylactic HPV vaccines cannot eliminate existing infections, developing therapeutic vaccines is critical.
Yuchun Xu, Xiaoying Yan, Fengrui Zhang, Qiaofeng Li, Ting Wei, Zhisheng Xiao, Yu Chai, Chunjie Wang, Zhuang Liu. Intranasal Delivery of HPV Therapeutic Vaccines for Enhanced Mucosal Immunization and Anti-Tumor Immunity.. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c05354
Currently approved HPV vaccines are prophylactic and show no significant therapeutic effect on pre-existing infections or lesions.
Samadi Moghaddam Z, Mashhadi Abolghasem Shirazi M, Jahangiri R, Negahdari B, Hashemi Goradel N. Designing a novel therapeutic candidate vaccine for HPV16 using immunoinformatics approach: Targeting E6 and E7 epitopes with TLR4 agonist integration.. 2026. https://doi.org/10.34172/bi.30943
Although prophylactic vaccinations for human papillomaviruses have been approved, these vaccines lack therapeutic efficacy and cannot eradicate pre-existing infections.
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