Carbonated water is harmful to health
Multiple studies demonstrate that carbonated beverages possess erosive potential capable of damaging dental enamel and dentin due to their acidity and carbonation.
The retrieved literature consistently supports the claim that carbonated beverages are harmful to dental health specifically, showing measurable enamel and dentinal erosion from various types of carbonated drinks. None of the papers refute this conclusion.
Carbonated water can cause dental enamel erosion and risks to dental health.
Michael Kitchens, Barry Owens. Effect of Carbonated Beverages, Coffee, Sports and High Energy Drinks, and Bottled Water on the in vitro Erosion Characteristics of Dental Enamel. 2007. https://doi.org/10.17796/jcpd.31.3.1157l653t8206100
Demonstrates that carbonated beverages have a significant erosive effect on dental enamel.
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S. Saxena. Effects of pH, titratable acidity and calcium concentration of non alcoholic carbonated beverages on enamel erosion: an in vitro study.. 2010. https://doi.org/10.61172/ndj.v18i2.145
Shows that non-alcoholic carbonated beverages possess properties that cause enamel erosion.
R Sorvari, I Rytömaa. Drinks and dental health.. 1991. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1775489/
Notes that increased consumption of carbonated beverages poses risks of dental caries and erosion.
M Samman, E Kaye, H Cabral, T Scott, W Sohn. Dental Erosion: Effect of Diet Drink Consumption on Permanent Dentition.. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1177/23800844211048478
Indicates that diet carbonated drinks can slightly increase the risk of dental erosion.
A J Rugg-Gunn, A Maguire, P H Gordon, J F McCabe, G Stephenson. Comparison of erosion of dental enamel by four drinks using an intra-oral applicance.. 1998. https://doi.org/10.1159/000016469
Finds that diet phosphoric acid-based cola drinks cause significant loss of surface enamel.
Abikshyeet Panda, Bikramaditya Ghosh, Imon Pal, Vijay Kumar, Lipsa Bhuyan, Kailash C Dash. Dissolution of Enamel on Exposure to Various Commercial Beverages Available in India.. 2017. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2166
Concludes that commercial carbonated drinks cause damage and weight loss to tooth structures due to low pH.
Scott D Eckhart, John A Brewster, Denice C Curtis. The erosive potential of sugar-free waters on cervical dentin.. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfscie.2022.100009
Demonstrates that carbonated beverages lead to increased volume loss and greater depth of dentinal erosion compared to noncarbonated waters.
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