Time-of-flight mass spectrometry separates ions based on velocity differences, whereas magnetic sector instruments use magnetic fields to separate ions by momentum-to-charge ratio.
The claim outlines fundamental, textbook principles regarding how time-of-flight and magnetic sector mass spectrometers operate. While some retrieved papers mention time-of-flight instrumentation and velocity-based separation (e.g., Paper 6), a detailed physical breakdown of magnetic sector momentum-to-charge separation is considered standard scientific knowledge and requires no external citation.