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the claim
The theory of evolution contradicts the second law of thermodynamics
the verdict
REFUTED
the evidence says no
refutedsupported
the weight of evidence
0 sources for · 4 against

The claim that the theory of evolution contradicts the second law of thermodynamics is incorrect. Thermodynamic laws apply strictly to closed systems, whereas biological systems are open systems that continuously dissipate energy and export entropy into their environment.

Evidence against · 4
How and why kinetics, thermodynamics, and chemistry induce the logic of biological evolution
2017 · cited by 48
Paper [0] demonstrates that biological evolution is fully compatible with the second law when taking into account dynamic kinetic stability in far-from-equilibrium open systems.
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The analysis

The retrieved scientific literature unanimously refutes the claim that evolution contradicts the second law of thermodynamics. Multiple sources (e.g., [7], [8], [11]) explicitly explain why biological order and evolution do not violate thermodynamic principles, emphasizing that Earth is an open system and that life actually increases overall entropy production. No papers in the provided set support the claim.

More against · 3
Entropy export as the driving force of evolution
2019 · cited by 8
Paper [7] explains that biological evolution and life's complexity do not violate the second law because Earth is an open system that exports excess entropy as infrared radiation.
The Second Law and Entropy Misconceptions Demystified.
2020 · cited by 5
Paper [8] explicitly affirms that creation of ordered structures and living species always generates thermodynamic entropy, meaning life processes fully align with the second law without exception.
Beyond the Second Law: Darwinian Evolution as a Tendency for Entropy Production to Increase.
2025 · cited by 1
Paper [11] addresses the apparent opposition between Darwinian evolution and the second law, arguing that evolution actually operates as a natural tendency for entropy production to increase.
Everything we examined (12)
  1. How and why kinetics, thermodynamics, and chemistry induce the logic of biological evolutionpeer-reviewedrefutes
  2. Second law of information dynamicspeer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  3. On Thermodynamics, Entropy and Evolution of Biological Systems: What Is Life from a Physical Chemist's Viewpointpeer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  4. Entropy production and the geometry of dissipative evolution equations.peer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  5. Observational constraints on the interacting dark energy - dark matter (IDM) cosmological modelspeer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  6. Entropy: From Thermodynamics to Information Processing.peer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  7. Detecting quasidegenerate ground states in topological models via the variational quantum eigensolverpeer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  8. Entropy export as the driving force of evolutionpeer-reviewedrefutes
  9. The Second Law and Entropy Misconceptions Demystified.peer-reviewedrefutes
  10. Reasoning and Logical Proofs of the Fundamental Laws: "<i>No Hope</i>" for the Challengers of the Second Law of Thermodynamics.peer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  11. Structural Complexity as a Directional Signature of System Evolution: Beyond Entropypeer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  12. Beyond the Second Law: Darwinian Evolution as a Tendency for Entropy Production to Increase.peer-reviewedrefutes
The paper trail · every fact has a biography
first checked05 Aug 2026
judged → REFUTED · 1005 Aug 2026
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