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the claim
The large-scale spatial geometry of the universe is constrained by cosmological observations
the verdict
SUPPORTED
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6 sources for · 0 against
Is it true that the large-scale spatial geometry of the universe is constrained by cosmological observations?
Yes. Extensive cosmological observations, including precision measurements of the cosmic microwave background by Planck and WMAP alongside Type Ia supernovae surveys, strongly constrain the large-scale spatial geometry of the universe.
Verdict: SUPPORTED · 6 sources for, 0 against · Last checked
The analysis
The retrieved papers provide robust and extensive empirical evidence from cosmic microwave background experiments (Planck, WMAP) and supernova surveys demonstrating that cosmological observations tightly constrain the large-scale spatial geometry and curvature of the universe. There are no papers refuting this well-established consensus.
Evidence for · 6
Planck 2018 data tightly constrain spatial curvature and cosmological parameters, demonstrating precise observational constraints on the universe's spatial geometry.
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Aghanim, N., Akrami, Y., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Ballardini, M., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Basak, S., Battye, R. A., Benabed, K., Bernard, J., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J. J., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R. C., Calabrese, E., Cardoso, J., Carron, J., Challinor, A., Chiang, H. C., Chluba, J., Colombo, L. P. L., Combet, C., Contreras, D., Crill, B. P., Cuttaia, F., Bernardis, P. d., Zotti, G. d., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J., Valentino, E. D., Diego, J. M., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Fantaye, Y., Farhang, M., Fergusson, J., Fernández-Cobos, R., Finelli⋆, F., Forastieri, F., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A. A., Franceschi, E., Frolov, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Génova-Santos, R. T., Gerbino, M., Ghosh, T., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gratton, S., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Hamann, J., Handley, W., Hansen, F. K., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hivon, E., Huang, Z., Jaffe, A. H., Jones, W. C., Karakci, A., Keihänen, E., Keskitalo, R., Kiiveri, K., Kim, J., Kisner, T. S., Knox, L., Krachmalnicoff, N., Kunz, M., Kurki‐Suonio, H., Lagache, G., Lamarre, J., Lasenby, A., Lattanzi, M., Lawrence, C. R., Jeune, M. L., Lemos, P., Lesgourgues, J., Levrier, F., Lewis, A., & Liguori, M. (2020). <i>Planck</i> 2018 results. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833910
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More for · 5
Planck 2013 results show that cosmic microwave background measurements constrain spatial flatness to percent-level precision.
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Ade, P. A. R., Aghanim, N., Armitage-Caplan, C., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Atrio‐Barandela, F., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartlett, J. G., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoı̂t, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J. P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bobin, J., Bock, J. J., Bonaldi, A., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Bridges, M., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R. C., Calabrese, E., Cappellini, B., Cardoso, J., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., Chary, R., Chen, X., Chiang, H. C., Chiang, L., Christensen, P. R., Church, S., Clements, D. L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L. P. L., Couchot, F., Coulais, A., Crill, B. P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R. D., Davis, R. J., Bernardis, P. d., Rosa, A. d., Zotti, G. d., Delabrouille, J., Delouis, J., Désert, F., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Dolag, K., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Dunkley, J., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Finelli⋆, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A. A., Franceschi, E., Gaier, T., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Giard, M., Giardino, G., Giraud–Héraud, Y., Gjerløw, E., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Haïssinski, J., Hamann, J., Hansen, F. K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D. L., Henrot–Versillé, S., Hernández-Monteagudo, C., Herranz, D., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hivon, E., & Hobson, M. (2014). <i>Planck</i>2013 results. XVI. Cosmological parameters. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201321591
Planck 2015 observations confirm that the spatial curvature of the universe is extremely close to zero based on high-precision temperature and polarization data.
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PAR, A., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartlett, J. G., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Battye, R. A., Benabed, K., Benoı̂t, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., J-P, B., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bock, J. J., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Bouchet, F. R., Boulanger, F., Bucher, M., Burigana, C., Butler, R. C., Calabrese, E., J-F, C., Catalano, A., Challinor, A., Chamballu, A., R-R, C., Chiang, H. C., Chluba, J., Christensen, P. R., Church, S., Clements, D. L., Colombi, S., Colombo, L. P. L., Combet, C., Coulais, A., Crill, B. P., Curto, A., Cuttaia, F., Danese, L., Davies, R. D., Davis, R. J., Bernardis, P. d., Rosa, A. d., Zotti, G. d., Delabrouille, J., Désert, F., Valentino, E. D., Dickinson, C., Diego, J. M., Dolag, K., Dole, H., Donzelli, S., Doré, O., Douspis, M., Ducout, A., Dunkley, J., Dupac, X., Efstathiou, G., Elsner, F., Enßlin, T. A., Eriksen, H. K., Farhang, M., Fergusson, J., Finelli⋆, F., Forni, O., Frailis, M., Fraisse, A. A., Franceschi, E., Frejsel, A., Galeotta, S., Galli, S., Ganga, K., Gauthier, C., Gerbino, M., Ghosh, T., Giard, M., Giraud–Héraud, Y., Giusarma, E., Gjerløw, E., González-Nuevo, J., Górski, K. M., Gratton, S., Gregorio, A., Gruppuso, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Hamann, J., Hansen, F. K., Hanson, D., Harrison, D. L., Hélou, G., Henrot–Versillé, S., & Hernández-Monteagudo, C. (2016). Planck 2015 results. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.17863/cam.32861
WMAP nine-year observations provide high-precision constraints on matter density, energy density, and spatial curvature.
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Hinshaw, G., Larson, D., Komatsu, E., Spergel, D. N., Bennett, C. L., Dunkley, J., Nolta, M. R., Halpern, M., Hill, R. S., Odegard, N., Page, L., Smith, K. M., Weiland, J. L., Gold, B., Jarosik, N., Kogut, A., Limon, M., Meyer, S. S., Tucker, G. S., Wollack, E., & Wright, E. L. (2013). NINE-YEAR <i>WILKINSON MICROWAVE ANISOTROPY PROBE</i> ( <i>WMAP</i> ) OBSERVATIONS: COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETER RESULTS. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1088/0067-0049/208/2/19
The final WMAP parameter results further constrain cosmological models and spatial geometry parameters.
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Wright, E. L. (2016). Nine-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Parameter Results. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.15781/t2st7f05x
Early Type Ia supernova measurements from the High-Z Supernova Search successfully constrain the global curvature and deceleration parameter of the universe.
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Schmidt, B., Suntzeff, N. B., Phillips, M. M., Schommer, R. A., Clocchiatti, A., Kirshner, R., Garnavich, P., Challis, P., Leibundgut, B., Spyromilio, J., Riess, A. G., Filippenko, A. V., Hamuy, M., Smith, R. C., Hogan, C. J., Stubbs, C. W., Diercks, A. H., Reiss, D. J., Gilliland, R., Tonry, J., Maza, J., Dressler, A., Walsh, J. R., & Ciardullo, R. (1998). The High‐Z Supernova Search: Measuring Cosmic Deceleration and Global Curvature of the Universe Using Type Ia Supernovae. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1086/306308
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What does the evidence say?
The retrieved papers provide robust and extensive empirical evidence from cosmic microwave background experiments (Planck, WMAP) and supernova surveys demonstrating that cosmological observations tightly constrain the large-scale spatial geometry and curvature of the universe. There are no papers refuting this well-established consensus.
Receipt History
first checked31 Jul 2026
judged → SUPPORTED · 10031 Jul 2026
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