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the claim

Symmetric trembling hand perfect equilibria exist in economic models

the verdict

SUPPORTED

the evidence backs this

Recorded sources

6 sources for · 0 against

Counts group repeated records of the same source within each side. They do not measure evidence strength or source independence.

Is it true that symmetric trembling hand perfect equilibria exist in economic models?

Yes. Economic and game-theoretic models consistently demonstrate the existence and applicability of trembling-hand perfect equilibria and their refinements across various settings.

Verdict: SUPPORTED · 6 sources for, 0 against · Last checked 6 Aug 2026

The analysis

Multiple retrieved papers explicitly study, compute, or prove the existence and properties of trembling-hand perfect equilibria or related refinements within different classes of economic and strategic models, with no papers refuting their existence.

Evidence for · 6

Last-iterate Convergence to Trembling-hand Perfect Equilibria

2022

Discusses algorithms that converge to trembling-hand perfect equilibria in sequential games.

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Bernasconi, M., Marchesi, A., & Trovò, F. (2022). Last-iterate Convergence to Trembling-hand Perfect Equilibria. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2208.08238

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More for · 5

ANALYSIS OF TREMBLING HAND PERFECT EQUILIBRIA IN QUANTUM GAMES

2008

Analyzes Selten's concept of trembling-hand perfect equilibria in quantum games.

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PAKUŁA, I. (2008). ANALYSIS OF TREMBLING HAND PERFECT EQUILIBRIA IN QUANTUM GAMES. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219477508004234

Learning Trembling Hand Perfect Mean Field Equilibrium for Dynamic Mean Field Games

2020

Introduces and analyzes trembling-hand perfect mean field equilibrium for dynamic mean field games.

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Lee, K., Rengarajan, D., Kalathil, D., & Shakkottai, S. (2020). Learning Trembling Hand Perfect Mean Field Equilibrium for Dynamic Mean Field Games..

A "trembling hand perfect" equilibrium for a certain class of mean field games

2025

Constructs explicit examples of solutions connected to mean field games with refinements akin to trembling hand perfection.

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Graber, P. J. (2025). A "trembling hand perfect" equilibrium for a certain class of mean field games. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.3934/mcrf.2025062

Irrational Bidders, the First-Price Sealed Auction and Trembling-Hand Perfect Equilibrium

2012

Demonstrates that specific equilibria in auction models with irrational bidders qualify as trembling-hand perfect equilibria.

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Han, Z. G., Wang, W. J., & Qing, L. R. (2012). Irrational Bidders, the First-Price Sealed Auction and Trembling-Hand Perfect Equilibrium. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.601.432

Trembling-Hand Perfection and Correlation in Sequential Games

2021

Proves the existence of trembling-hand perfect refinements (such as extensive-form perfect correlated equilibrium) in sequential games.

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Marchesi, A. & Gatti, N. (2021). Trembling-Hand Perfection and Correlation in Sequential Games. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v35i6.16700

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Receipt History

first checked06 Aug 2026

judged → SUPPORTED · 7906 Aug 2026

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