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the claim

Seasonal coronaviruses target specific cellular receptors to cause winter colds

the verdict
SUPPORTED
the evidence backs this
Recorded sources
3 sources for · 0 against

Counts group repeated records of the same source within each side. They do not measure evidence strength or source independence.

Is it true that seasonal coronaviruses target specific cellular receptors to cause winter colds?

Yes. Seasonal human coronaviruses, which cause common winter colds, rely on specific viral spike proteins to bind target cellular receptors for host entry.

Verdict: SUPPORTED · 3 sources for, 0 against · Last checked

The analysis

The retrieved literature confirms that seasonal coronaviruses (such as NL63, 229E, OC43, and HKU1) cause common cold symptoms and interact with specific host cell receptors via their spike proteins to establish infection.

Evidence for · 3
Human coronavirus NL63 employs the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus receptor for cellular entry
2005
Demonstrates that seasonal human coronavirus NL63 utilizes specific cellular receptors (ACE2) for entry.
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Hofmann, H., Pyrc, K., Hoek, L. v. d., Geier, M., Berkhout, B., & Pöhlmann, S. (2005). Human coronavirus NL63 employs the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus receptor for cellular entry. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0409465102

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More for · 2
Coronaviruses and SARS-COV-2
2020
Notes that seasonal coronaviruses like 229E, NL63, HKU1, and OC43 are endemic and typically cause common cold symptoms.
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Hasöksüz, M., Kılıç, S., & Saraç, F. (2020). Coronaviruses and SARS-COV-2. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.3906/sag-2004-127

Evidence for adaptive evolution in the receptor-binding domain of seasonal coronaviruses OC43 and 229E
2020
Discusses seasonal coronaviruses OC43 and 229E, highlighting adaptive evolution in their spike proteins which mediate receptor binding and host infection.
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Kistler, K. E. & Bedford, T. (2020). Evidence for adaptive evolution in the receptor-binding domain of seasonal coronaviruses OC43 and 229E. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.30.352914

What does the evidence say?

The retrieved literature confirms that seasonal coronaviruses (such as NL63, 229E, OC43, and HKU1) cause common cold symptoms and interact with specific host cell receptors via their spike proteins to establish infection.

Receipt History
first checked31 Jul 2026
judged → SUPPORTED · 9331 Jul 2026
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