Multiple studies substantiate that MRI contrast agents function by altering (specifically, shortening or accelerating) the longitudinal (T1) and transverse (T2) relaxation times of water protons, thereby enhancing image contrast.
The retrieved papers consistently state and build upon the foundational principle that MRI contrast agents (such as gadolinium complexes and iron oxide nanoparticles) operate by modifying the relaxation times (T1 and T2) of water protons to improve image contrast and resolution.