Neuroimaging and electrophysiological studies indicate that extraversion and introversion are associated with measurable differences in resting and task-based brain function.
The claim is specific, empirical, and falsifiable. Paper 4 and Paper 10 both directly investigate and find distinct neurofunctional differences (using fMRI and event-related potentials) between introverts and extraverts in brain activity during tasks and at rest. These sources support the assertion that introverts and extraverts exhibit demonstrable differences in brain function.