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the claim
Illusory correlation is the psychological effect that causes people to perceive non-existent relationships.
the verdict
SUPPORTED
the evidence backs this
refutedsupported
the weight of evidence
2 sources for · 0 against

Psychological research demonstrates that people frequently perceive non-existent relationships, a phenomenon studied under terms like illusory causation and pseudocontingencies.

Evidence for · 2
Unidirectional rating scales overestimate the illusory causation phenomenon.
2024 · cited by 3
Paper [7] examines illusory causation, noting it is a genuine phenomenon where people mistakenly perceive a causal relationship when the true contingency is zero.
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The analysis

The claim defines illusory correlation as the psychological effect causing people to perceive non-existent relationships. Retrieved papers such as [7] (discussing illusory causation where zero contingencies are perceived as causal relationships) and [11] (discussing pseudocontingencies where people infer relationships not supported by actual co-occurrences) directly support this definition and phenomenon. No papers refute the claim.

More for · 1
Lack of group-to-individual generalizability in pseudocontingencies.
2026 · cited by 0
Paper [11] discusses pseudocontingency inference, showing that people form beliefs about non-existent relationships by relying on heuristics rather than actual contingencies.
Everything we examined (12)
  1. Cortical depth profiles in primary visual cortex for illusory and imaginary experiences.peer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  2. Movement trajectories as a window into the dynamics of emerging neural representations.peer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  3. The Epistemology of Non-Visual Perceptionpeer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  4. The Reality of the Non-Existent Object of Thoughtpeer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  5. Leveraging the Dynamics of Non-Verbal Behaviors For Social Attitude Modelingpeer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  6. What I see and what I feel: the influence of deceptive visual cues and interoceptive accuracy on affective valence and sense of effort during virtual reality cycling.peer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  7. Does Foreign-Accented Speech Affect Credibility? Evidence from the Illusory-Truth Paradigm.peer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  8. Unidirectional rating scales overestimate the illusory causation phenomenon.peer-reviewedsupports
  9. Top-down perceptual inference shaping the activity of early visual cortex.peer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  10. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence for an illusory truth effect and its determinants.peer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  11. Self-protecting motivation, indexed by self-threat, modifies retrieval-induced-forgetting and confidence in employment decision bias against out-group targets.peer-reviewedno side takennot shown: read and judged not to bear on this claim
  12. Lack of group-to-individual generalizability in pseudocontingencies.peer-reviewedsupports
The paper trail · every fact has a biography
first checked05 Aug 2026
judged → SUPPORTED · 6705 Aug 2026
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