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the claim
People can read jumbled words if only the first and last letters are correct.
the verdict
INSUFFICIENT LEANING
Recorded sources
3 sources for · 0 against
Is it true that people can read jumbled words if only the first and last letters are correct?
Unclear. Two peer-reviewed sources note that people read jumbled words effortlessly, but neither tests the specific claim that reading works when only the first and last letters are correct.
Verdict: PARTIAL LEAN · 3 sources for, 0 against · Last checked
Evidence for · 3
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Agrawal, A., Hari, K., & Arun, S. P. (2019). A compositional letter code in high-level visual cortex explains how we read jumbled words. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1101/653048
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More for · 2
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A, A., K, H., & SP, A. (2020). A compositional neural code in high-level visual cortex can explain jumbled word reading.. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.54846
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Conway, A., Brady, N., & Misra, K. (2017). Holistic word processing in dyslexia. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0187326
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held for human review18 Oct 2026
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