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the claim
Antibiotic treatment reduces gut microbiome diversity but does not eliminate all gut bacteria.
the verdict
INSUFFICIENT LEANING
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7 sources for · 0 against
Is it true that antibiotic treatment reduces gut microbiome diversity but does not eliminate all gut bacteria?
Unclear. Several peer-reviewed animal and human studies report that antibiotic treatment reduces gut microbial diversity and causes dysbiosis, with partial recovery afterward, which is consistent with the claim that antibiotics reduce diversity without eliminating all gut bacteria. However, most items address only the diversity-reduction half or a narrow population, and none directly measures complete bacterial elimination.
Verdict: PARTIAL LEAN · 7 sources for, 0 against · Last checked
Evidence for · 7
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Effects of different amoxicillin treatment durations on microbiome diversity and composition in the gut. (n.d.). cir.nii.ac.jp. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275737
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Lekang, K., Shekhar, S., Berild, D., Petersen, F. C., & Winther-Larsen, H. C. (2022). Effects of different amoxicillin treatment durations on microbiome diversity and composition in the gut. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275737
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More for · 6
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Lendrum, J., Seebach, B., Klein, B., & Liu, S. (2017). Sleep and the gut microbiome: antibiotic-induced depletion of the gut microbiota reduces nocturnal sleep in mice. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1101/199075
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Garland, M., Hryckowian, A. J., Tholen, M., Bender, K. O., Treuren, W. W. V., & Loscher, S. (2020). The Clinical Drug Ebselen Attenuates Inflammation and Promotes Microbiome Recovery in Mice after Antibiotic Treatment for CDI. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100005
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Luchen, C. C., Chibuye, M., Spijker, R., Simuyandi, M., Chisenga, C., & Bosomprah, S. (2023). Impact of antibiotics on gut microbiome composition and resistome in the first years of life in low- to middle-income countries: A systematic review. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1004235
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No firm evidence for restoration of gut bacteria by probiotics?. (2019). medicalsciences.stackexchange.com. https://medicalsciences.stackexchange.com/questions/19049/no-firm-evidence-for-restoration-of-gut-bacteria-by-probiotics
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Chua, M. & Collins, J. (2024). Mice colonized with the defined microbial community OMM19.1 are susceptible to Clostridioides difficile infection without prior antibiotic treatment. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00718-24
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Chen, Y., Zhao, J., Zhao, J., Chen, Q., Dong, S., & Jia, S. (2026). Effects of fecal microbiota transplantation and probiotics on the gut microbiome in antibiotic-treated septic patients: A pilot randomized controlled trial. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2026.2668764
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