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the claim

Smoking can raise the risk of cataracts and cause macular degeneration.

the verdict
SUPPORTED
the evidence backs this
Recorded sources
3 sources for · 0 against

Counts group repeated records of the same source within each side. They do not measure evidence strength or source independence.

Is it true that smoking can raise the risk of cataracts and cause macular degeneration?

Yes. Multiple clinical and epidemiological studies demonstrate that cigarette smoking significantly elevates the risk of developing cataracts and age-related macular degeneration.

Verdict: SUPPORTED · 3 sources for, 0 against · Last checked

Evidence for · 3
Baseline visual acuity gaps in age-related macular degeneration: AREDS smokers and non-smokers.
2026
Retrospective observational study noting smoking is a major modifiable risk factor associated with faster progression of age-related macular degeneration.
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M, P., N, S., BDE, D., & PK, G. (2026). Baseline visual acuity gaps in age-related macular degeneration: AREDS smokers and non-smokers.. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-026-05035-w

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More for · 2
Smoking and Risk of Vision Threatening Complications: A Global Database Analysis.
2026
Large-scale database analysis confirming a significantly increased risk for both cataracts and age-related macular degeneration among smokers.
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M, G. E. S., N, V. P., D, B., I, A., MB, Z., M, Z., RGE, B., K, R., P, K., J, E., K, T., SJ, M., K, M., RR, G., & Y, F. (2026). Smoking and Risk of Vision Threatening Complications: A Global Database Analysis.. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.2147/opth.s596936

Cigarette Smoking and Eye Diseases: A Comprehensive Review.
2026
Comprehensive review establishing smoking as a leading modifiable risk factor for age-related macular degeneration and a major contributor to cataract development.
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Y, S., W, Y., X, X., Y, L., Y, F., & P, Y. (2026). Cigarette Smoking and Eye Diseases: A Comprehensive Review.. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2026.2633446

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