Reading from digital screens is cognitively more difficult than reading from paper
the verdict
SUPPORTED
the evidence backs this
confidence 90/100
Multiple empirical studies and meta-analyses indicate that reading from digital screens is associated with lower reading comprehension and higher cognitive difficulty compared to reading from traditional paper.
Evidence for · 2
A Comparison of Children’s Reading on Paper Versus Screen: A Meta-Analysis
2021 · cited by 213
A meta-analysis comparing children's reading on paper versus screens found lower comprehension scores for digital books.
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More for · 1
The Effect of Paper Reading Versus Screen Reading on the Inferential Reading Performance among University ESL Learners
2024 · cited by 3
A study among university ESL learners demonstrated that participants performed significantly higher in paper-based reading tests compared to screen-based tests.