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the claim

Venus once had liquid water on its surface.

the verdict
INSUFFICIENT LEANING
Recorded sources
11 sources for · 0 against

Counts group repeated records of the same source within each side. They do not measure evidence strength or source independence.

Is it true that Venus once had liquid water on its surface?

Unclear. Multiple sources describe Venus as possibly having had surface liquid water early in its history, but they present this as a hypothesis or modeling result rather than a settled finding; one Wikipedia overview notes recent studies suggest the water evaporated before 3 billion years ago or never existed.

Verdict: PARTIAL LEAN · 11 sources for, 0 against · Last checked

The private library was unavailable for some searches in this check. Missing library results are not evidence against the claim.

Evidence for · 11
Water on Venus - Wikipedia
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Water on Venus - Wikipedia. (n.d.). en.wikipedia.org. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_on_Venus

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More for · 10
Water on Venus?
1971
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Water on Venus?. (1971). doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900102633

Venus was once more Earth-like than previously thought
2024
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Venus was once more Earth-like than previously thought. (2024). en.wikinews.org. https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Venus_was_once_more_Earth-like_than_previously_thought

Surface temperature and mantle viscosity influence the cooling efficiency of magmatic styles on Venus
2026
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Surface temperature and mantle viscosity influence the cooling efficiency of magmatic styles on Venus. (2026). doi.org. https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu26-1018

The VenSpec suite on the ESA Envision mission -a holistic investigation of the coupled surface atmosphere system of Venus
2023
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The VenSpec suite on the ESA Envision mission -a holistic investigation of the coupled surface atmosphere system of Venus. (2023). insu.hal.science. https://insu.hal.science/insu-04511173v1

NASA Climate Modeling Suggests Venus May Have Been Habitable - NASA
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NASA Climate Modeling Suggests Venus May Have Been Habitable - NASA. (n.d.). nasa.gov. https://www.nasa.gov/centers-and-facilities/giss/nasa-climate-modeling-suggests-venus-may-have-been-habitable/

Venus: A planetary window into early Earth
2022
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Chen, L., Zhang, S., & Yu, J. (2022). Venus: A planetary window into early Earth. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.19975/j.dqyxx.2021-043

Narrow range of early habitable Venus scenarios permitted by modeling of oxygen loss and radiogenic argon degassing.
2023
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AO, W. & ES, K. (2023). Narrow range of early habitable Venus scenarios permitted by modeling of oxygen loss and radiogenic argon degassing.. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2209751120

Venus as an Analog for Hot Earths
2018
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Venus as an Analog for Hot Earths. (2018). doi.org. https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1804.05889

Solar System/Print version
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Solar System/Print version. (n.d.). en.wikibooks.org. https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Solar_System/Print_version

An ocean in Uranus?
1986
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David, S. (1986). An ocean in Uranus?. authors.library.caltech.edu. https://authors.library.caltech.edu/records/exgqg-asg84

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