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the claim
The Caliphate was one of the few states in history to extend direct rule over Africa, Europe, and Asia.
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SUPPORTED
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4 sources for · 0 against
AS REPORTEDno primary record reached; this is what the reporting says
Is it true that the Caliphate was one of the few states in history to extend direct rule over Africa, Europe, and Asia?
Yes. Historical references confirm that major Islamic caliphates, such as the Umayyads, successfully extended direct rule across Africa, Europe, and Asia, making them among the few historical states to span three continents.
Verdict: SUPPORTED · 4 sources for, 0 against · Last checked
How claims like this are judged
Judged against reference works: claims of this kind are settled by the historical reference record, not journal abstracts.
Evidence for · 4
States the Umayyad Caliphate was one of the few states to extend direct rule over Africa, Europe, and Asia.
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LibreTexts: LibreTexts: 13.2%3A Reading%3A The Umayyad and Abbasid Empires. (n.d.). LibreTexts. https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Lumen_Learning/Book%3A_Western_Civilization_I_(Lumen)/13%3A_Week_11%3A_Islam_cont_Charlemagne_and_Russia/13.2%3A_Reading%3A_The_Umayyad_and_Abbasid_Empires
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More for · 3
Notes the Caliphate was one of the few states to ever extend direct rule over Africa, Europe, and Asia.
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Wikibooks: Wikibooks: Saylor.org's Ancient Civilizations of the World/The Caliphate. (n.d.). Wikibooks. https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Saylor.org's_Ancient_Civilizations_of_the_World/The_Caliphate
Lists the Umayyad and Abbasid Caliphates as transcontinental states spanning Asia, Africa, and Europe.
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Wikipedia: Wikipedia: List of former transcontinental countries. (n.d.). Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_former_transcontinental_countries
States the Caliphate was one of the few states to extend direct rule over Africa, Europe, and Asia.
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Simple English Wikipedia: Simple English Wikipedia: Caliphate. (n.d.). Simple English Wikipedia. https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliphate
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