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the claim

Testosterone replacement therapy increases the risk of prostate cancer in men.

the verdict
INSUFFICIENT LEANING
Recorded sources
0 sources for · 7 against

Counts group repeated records of the same source within each side. They do not measure evidence strength or source independence.

Is it true that testosterone replacement therapy increases the risk of prostate cancer in men?

Unclear. Several reviews and cohort studies report no demonstrated increase in prostate cancer risk with testosterone replacement therapy, and one large claims analysis found a decreased risk among treated hypogonadal men. However, these sources cover only specific populations and short-to-intermediate follow-up, so they do not fully settle the general claim.

Verdict: PARTIAL LEAN · 0 sources for, 7 against · Last checked

The private library was unavailable for some searches in this check. Missing library results are not evidence against the claim.

Evidence against · 7
Testosterone Replacement Therapy and Prostate Cancer Incidence -
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Testosterone Replacement Therapy and Prostate Cancer Incidence - PMC Lock. (n.d.). pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. https://doi.org/10.5534/wjmh.2015.33.3.125

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More against · 6
Testosterone treatment and the risk of aggressive prostate cancer in men with low testosterone levels
2018
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Walsh, T. J., Shores, M. M., Krakauer, C. A., Forsberg, C. W., Fox, A. E., & Moore, K. P. (2018). Testosterone treatment and the risk of aggressive prostate cancer in men with low testosterone levels. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199194

Population-based assessment of hypogonadism and testosterone replacement therapy in hypogonadal men: is there a potential prostate cancer risk?
2023
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Asanad, K., Horns, J., Driggs, N., Samplaski, M., & Hotaling, J. (2023). Population-based assessment of hypogonadism and testosterone replacement therapy in hypogonadal men: is there a potential prostate cancer risk?. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3263650/v1

The benefits and risks of testosterone replacement therapy: a review.
2009
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N, B., S, A., & JE, M. (2009). The benefits and risks of testosterone replacement therapy: a review.. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.2147/tcrm.s3025

Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Men With Prostate Cancer on Active Surveillance: A Systematic Review of Oncological Safety.
2026
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M, A., N, A., Y, H., Y, E., FA, J., A, C., R, B., J, B., & T, A. (2026). Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Men With Prostate Cancer on Active Surveillance: A Systematic Review of Oncological Safety.. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.70313

Potential application of testosterone replacement therapy as treatment for obesity and type 2 diabetes in men
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Potential application of testosterone replacement therapy as treatment for obesity and type 2 diabetes in men. (n.d.). cir.nii.ac.jp. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.steroids.2018.08.002

Effects of Testosterone Replacement on Atherosclerosis Progression in Older Men With Low Testosterone Levels
2004
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Effects of Testosterone Replacement on Atherosclerosis Progression in Older Men With Low Testosterone Levels. (2004). clinicaltrials.gov. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00287586

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