trustmebro.to/r/…
✓ checked
trust me, bro:
here is the receipt.
the claim

Spanking children increases their aggression and behavior problems.

the verdict
INSUFFICIENT LEANING
Recorded sources
8 sources for · 0 against

Counts group repeated records of the same source within each side. They do not measure evidence strength or source independence.

Is it true that spanking children increases their aggression and behavior problems?

Unclear. Multiple longitudinal cohort studies and a systematic review report that parental spanking is associated with increases in children's aggressive behavior, though each covers a specific sample or age range and the evidence addresses aggression more than broader behavior problems.

Verdict: PARTIAL LEAN · 8 sources for, 0 against · Last checked

The private library was unavailable for some searches in this check. Missing library results are not evidence against the claim.

Evidence for · 8
Is spanking an effective form of discipline for children?
2011
Get citation
Is spanking an effective form of discipline for children?. (2011). skeptics.stackexchange.com. https://skeptics.stackexchange.com/questions/1939/is-spanking-an-effective-form-of-discipline-for-children

See more details
More for · 7
Mothers' Spanking of 3-Year-Old Children and Subsequent Risk of Children's Aggressive Behavior
Get citation
Mothers' Spanking of 3-Year-Old Children and Subsequent Risk of Children's Aggressive Behavior. (n.d.). cir.nii.ac.jp. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2009-2678

Associations of neighborhood disorganization and maternal spanking with children’s aggression: A fixed-effects regression analysis
2018
Get citation
Associations of neighborhood disorganization and maternal spanking with children’s aggression: A fixed-effects regression analysis. (2018). doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.10.013

Does Warmth Moderate Longitudinal Associations between Maternal Spanking and Child Aggression in Early Childhood?
2013
Get citation
J., L. S., Inna, A., & T., G. E. (2013). Does Warmth Moderate Longitudinal Associations between Maternal Spanking and Child Aggression in Early Childhood?. eric.ed.gov. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031630

2 recorded entries grouped as this source

Additional records of the same source are shown below. They are not counted as additional sources.

Does warmth moderate longitudinal associations between maternal spanking and child aggression in early childhood?
2013
Get citation
Does warmth moderate longitudinal associations between maternal spanking and child aggression in early childhood?. (2013). doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0031630

CAUSES AND PREVENTION OF AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR IN CHILDREN
2026
Get citation
kizi, R. K. B. & Centre, W. K. P. (2026). CAUSES AND PREVENTION OF AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR IN CHILDREN. zenodo.org. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18814954

Harsh Physical Discipline and Externalizing Behaviors in Children: A Systematic Review.
2022
Get citation
M, W. & F, P. (2022). Harsh Physical Discipline and Externalizing Behaviors in Children: A Systematic Review.. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114385

Spanking and Child Development: We Know Enough Now To Stop Hitting Our Children -
Get citation
Spanking and Child Development: We Know Enough Now To Stop Hitting Our Children - PMC Lock. (n.d.). pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdep.12038

Hugs, Not Hits: Warmth and Spanking as Predictors of Child Social Competence
Get citation
Hugs, Not Hits: Warmth and Spanking as Predictors of Child Social Competence. (n.d.). cir.nii.ac.jp. https://doi.org/10.1111/jomf.12306

Receipt History
Anyone with this link can read the claim and its public receipt, including any personal information in that text. Open permanent receipt.
Check your own claim
Challenge the receipt
Requests are recorded for review. This does not start an automatic check or guarantee a response time.

Citation formatting by citeproc-js (Frank Bennett) and the Citation Style Language project. Source and licenses.

This receipt is an automated verdict against our published method · not an opinion about any author or publication.
Terms · Privacy · How verdicts work