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the claim
Optical illusions work the same way for everyone.
the verdict
CONTESTED PARTIAL
Recorded sources
2 sources for · 1 against
Is it true that optical illusions work the same way for everyone?
Partly. One reference book states that most illusions work the same for everyone, while a meta-analysis of animal studies finds illusion susceptibility varies across species and eye types. Neither settles the claim for all people in all cases.
Verdict: CONTESTED PARTIAL · 2 sources for, 1 against · Last checked
Evidence for · 2
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Bertamini, M. (2017). Programming Visual Illusions for Everyone. play.google.com. https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=kWAwDwAAQBAJ&source=gbs_api
Evidence against · 1
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O, B., M, R., UJ, O., & P, S. (2024). Response to geometrical visual illusions in non-human animals: a meta-analysis.. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2024.0414
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More for · 1
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Crawford, M. & Gentry, M. (2012). Gender and Thought: Psychological Perspectives. play.google.com. https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=iiOSBgAAQBAJ&source=gbs_api
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held for human review17 Oct 2026
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