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the claim

Medieval cartographers regularly wrote "here be dragons" on their maps.

the verdict
REFUTED
the evidence says no
Recorded sources
2 sources for · 2 against

Counts group repeated records of the same source within each side. They do not measure evidence strength or source independence.

Is it true that medieval cartographers regularly wrote "here be dragons" on their maps?

No. A reference source states the phrase 'here be dragons' appears on only one known historical map, the 1508 Hunt-Lenox Globe, and that medieval cartographers instead used 'here are lions'; a hydrology article likewise says medieval maps showed dragons as images, not written words. Two book snippets mention a cartographer writing the phrase but give no evidence of regular practice.

Verdict: REFUTED · 2 sources for, 2 against · Last checked

The private library was unavailable for some searches in this check. Missing library results are not evidence against the claim.

Evidence for · 2
Improvisation and Inventio in the Performance of Medieval Music
2017
Get citation
Mariani, A. (2017). Improvisation and Inventio in the Performance of Medieval Music. play.google.com. https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=828uDwAAQBAJ&source=gbs_api

Evidence against · 2
Here be dragons - Wikipedia
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Here be dragons - Wikipedia. (n.d.). en.wikipedia.org. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Here_be_dragons

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More for · 1
Improvisation and Inventio in the Performance of Medieval Music
2017
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Mariani, M. S. (2017). Improvisation and Inventio in the Performance of Medieval Music. books.google.com. http://books.google.com/books?id=r4wtDwAAQBAJ&dq=Medieval+cartographers+regularly+wrote+%22here+be+dragons%22+on+their+maps.&hl=&as_pt=BOOKS&source=gbs_api

More against · 1
On doing hydrology with dragons: Realizing the value of perceptual models and knowledge accumulation
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On doing hydrology with dragons: Realizing the value of perceptual models and knowledge accumulation. (n.d.). cir.nii.ac.jp. https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1550

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