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the claim
Heat can be completely converted into mechanical work.
the verdict
CONTESTED PARTIAL
Recorded sources
2 sources for · 2 against
Is it true that heat can be completely converted into mechanical work?
Partly. A physics discussion and a heat-engine reference indicate heat cannot be fully converted to work in practical cyclic processes, while a set of papers on correlated quantum particles describe complete heat-to-work conversion only in a special idealized setup. Neither side settles the general claim as worded.
Verdict: CONTESTED PARTIAL · 2 sources for, 2 against · Last checked
Evidence for · 2
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Levitin, L. B. & Toffoli, T. (2011). Heat-to-work conversion by exploiting full or partial correlations of quantum particles. arxiv.org. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-011-0886-8
Evidence against · 2
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Can heat be converted into work with 100% efficiency in a.... (n.d.). physics.stackexchange.com. https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/518621/can-heat-be-converted-into-work-with-100-efficiency-in-a-non-cyclic-single-ste
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More for · 1
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Work recoverable from two-particle information. (2011). doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3630153
More against · 1
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Heat engine - Wikipedia. (n.d.). en.wikipedia.org. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_engine
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held for human review17 Oct 2026
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