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the claim

Fluoride in drinking water causes thyroid problems.

the verdict
INSUFFICIENT LEANING
Recorded sources
5 sources for · 0 against

Counts group repeated records of the same source within each side. They do not measure evidence strength or source independence.

Is it true that fluoride in drinking water causes thyroid problems?

Unclear. Several reviews and one animal study associate high or excessive fluoride exposure with impaired thyroid function, but they describe effects at high doses rather than typical drinking-water levels, and no item establishes causation at the strength the claim asserts.

Verdict: PARTIAL LEAN · 5 sources for, 0 against · Last checked

The private library was unavailable for some searches in this check. Missing library results are not evidence against the claim.

Evidence for · 5
Fluorides in Drinking Water: Source, Issue, and Mitigation Strategies
2025
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Fluorides in Drinking Water: Source, Issue, and Mitigation Strategies. (2025). doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-77247-4

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More for · 4
Fluoride occurrences, health problems, detection, and remediation methods for drinking water: A comprehensive review.
2021
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Solanki, Y., Agarwal, M., Gupta, A. B., Gupta, S., & Shukla, P. (2021). Fluoride occurrences, health problems, detection, and remediation methods for drinking water: A comprehensive review.. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150601

Fluoride sources, toxicity and fluorosis management techniques – A brief review
2021
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Kashyap, S., Sankannavar, R., & Madhu, G. (2021). Fluoride sources, toxicity and fluorosis management techniques – A brief review. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.HAZL.2021.100033

Teratogenicity of sodium fluoride on newly born rats.
2016
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Gadallah, A. A. (2016). Teratogenicity of sodium fluoride on newly born rats.. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.21608/jbaar.2016.106946

Recent advancements in fluoride impact on human health: A critical review
2023
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Tiwari, K. K., Raghav, R., & Pandey, R. (2023). Recent advancements in fluoride impact on human health: A critical review. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indic.2023.100305

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