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Birth order affects personality.

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CONTESTED PARTIAL
Recorded sources
3 sources for · 3 against

Counts group repeated records of the same source within each side. They do not measure evidence strength or source independence.

Is it true that birth order affects personality?

Partly. Evidence on whether birth order affects personality is mixed and only partial: a peer-reviewed study found no support for birth order effects on personality, while other studies report birth-order differences in narrower traits such as risk preference, trust, and family-functioning perception. A reference work also notes psychologists dispute the effects.

Verdict: CONTESTED PARTIAL · 3 sources for, 3 against · Last checked

The private library was unavailable for some searches in this check. Missing library results are not evidence against the claim.

Evidence for · 3
Eld and Bold: How Birth Order Affects Risk Preference
2023
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Leng, C. (2023). Eld and Bold: How Birth Order Affects Risk Preference. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4557661

Evidence against · 3
The Birth Order Book
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The Birth Order Book. (n.d.). en.wikipedia.org. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Birth_Order_Book

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More for · 2
Birth order affects behaviour in the investment game: firstborns are less trustful and reciprocate less
2009
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Birth order affects behaviour in the investment game: firstborns are less trustful and reciprocate less. (2009). cnrs.hal.science. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2009.09.016

Blind adolescents' birth order as a determinant of their perception of family functioning dimensions
2013
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Dragana, S. (2013). Blind adolescents' birth order as a determinant of their perception of family functioning dimensions. doi.org. https://doi.org/10.5937/specedreh12-4274

More against · 2
Direct and Indirect Effects of Birth Order on Personality and Identity: Support for the Null Hypothesis
2009
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S., D. C., R., H. C., & R., P. D. (2009). Direct and Indirect Effects of Birth Order on Personality and Identity: Support for the Null Hypothesis. eric.ed.gov. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ861896

Great Myths of Personality
2021
Get citation
Donnellan, M. B. & Lucas, R. E. (2021). Great Myths of Personality. books.google.com. http://books.google.com/books?id=KZsLEAAAQBAJ&dq=Birth+order+affects+personality.&hl=&as_pt=BOOKS&source=gbs_api

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held for human review16 Oct 2026
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