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the claim

All galaxies have a supermassive black hole at their center.

the verdict
REFUTED
the evidence says no
Recorded sources
0 sources for · 6 against

Counts group repeated records of the same source within each side. They do not measure evidence strength or source independence.

Is it true that all galaxies have a supermassive black hole at their center?

No. Reference and textbook sources describe supermassive black holes as present in nearly all, almost all, or practically all galaxies, and one notes unambiguous evidence exists for only a handful. None supports the claim that every galaxy has one.

Verdict: REFUTED · 0 sources for, 6 against · Last checked

Evidence against · 6
Wikipedia: Supermassive black hole
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Wikipedia: Supermassive black hole. (n.d.). en.wikipedia.org. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supermassive_black_hole

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More against · 5
Is there a supermassive black hole in the center of every single galaxy?
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Is there a supermassive black hole in the center of every single galaxy?. (n.d.). physics.stackexchange.com. https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/732755

LibreTexts: 13.22: Active Galaxies Quasars and Supermassive Black Holes (Exercises)
Get citation
LibreTexts: 13.22%3A Active Galaxies Quasars and Supermassive Black Holes (Exercises). (n.d.). phys.libretexts.org. https://phys.libretexts.org/Courses/Grossmont_College/ASTR_110%3A_Astronomy_(Fitzgerald)/13%3A_Galaxies/13.22%3A_Active_Galaxies_Quasars_and_Supermassive_Black_Holes_(Exercises)

DYNAMICS OF DUAL MASSIVE BLACK HOLE SYSTEMS FORMATION IN COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS
2024
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DYNAMICS OF DUAL MASSIVE BLACK HOLE SYSTEMS FORMATION IN COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS. (2024). doi.org. https://doi.org/10.69646/aob104p257

20 fun facts about galaxies
2015
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author, S. M. (2015). 20 fun facts about galaxies. archive.org. https://archive.org/details/20funfactsaboutg0000saba

Mysteries of galaxy formation
Get citation
F, C. (n.d.). Mysteries of galaxy formation. archive.org. https://archive.org/details/mysteriesofgalax0000comb

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