Peer-reviewed literature and systematic reviews indicate that hydrogen peroxide is an effective and widely used agent for teeth whitening, capable of removing stains and significantly altering tooth color.
<b>Background:</b> Tooth whitening usually includes the direct use of gels containing carbamide or hydrogen peroxide on the tooth enamel surface through a wide variety of products formulas. A generally new advancement in whitening of teeth uses the significant importance of the tooth color shift from yellow to blue in delivering a general enhancement in the observation of tooth whiteness. The aim of the current work was to measure the tooth whitening effects, surface roughness and enamel morphology of six different types of blue covarine-containing and blue covarine-free toothpastes using in vitro models. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 70 sound extracted human premolars were randomly and equally divided into seven groups, and each subjected to tooth brushing using different toothpastes. Tooth color and enamel surface roughness were measured before and after the brushing procedure using a white light interferometer, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to assess tooth surface after the procedure. <b>Results:</b> Toothpaste containing blue covarine resulted in the greatest improvement in tooth color amongst all groups as well as a statistically significant color difference when compared to blue covarine-free toothpaste. Furthermore, blue covarine-containing toothpaste resulted in fewer morphological changes to the enamel surface. This was confirmed with SEM images that showed smooth enamel surfaces with fine scratches. <b>Conclusions:</b> The results from the present study show that blue covarine containing toothpastes are reliable, effective in tooth whitening and produce less surface abrasion when compared to blue covarine-free toothpastes.
Objetivo: analizar el blanqueamiento dental con peróxido de hidrógeno desde una revisión sistemática. Método: Revisión sistemática. Resultados: se revisaron 15 articulos científicos. Conclusión: El peróxido de hidrógeno sigue siendo el agente más utilizado y efectivo en los tratamientos de blanqueamiento dental, gracias a su capacidad para eliminar manchas y aclarar el color de los dientes de manera significativa. Sin embargo, su uso puede generar efectos secundarios, como sensibilidad dental y alteraciones en la estructura del esmalte, lo que hace necesario aplicar protocolos seguros y adaptados a cada paciente.
Background: A randomized clinical trial was performed to test the efficacy of a fluoridated hydrogen peroxide–based mouthrinse on gingivitis and tooth whitening in a two‐phase study. The first phase (28 days) included the experimental gingivitis phase; the second phase (5 months) was the oral hygiene phase, which included rinsing. Methods: A total of 99 subjects were included in the study and were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or test mouthrinse. Clinical measures were chosen to reflect the gingival health and tooth whiteness in an intent‐to‐treat study design. Statistical analyses of clinical parameters related to gingival health and tooth color were conducted, using the method of generalized estimating equations (GEE), with an exchangeable working correlation to accommodate tooth‐level data. Baseline differences between the groups were adjusted. Microbial samples taken at the beginning and at the end of the study were analyzed by DNA‐DNA hybridization technique, to determine whether there was any adverse shift in supragingival flora. Results: Eastman bleeding index, modified gingival index, intensity of stain, and extent of stain were significantly reduced in the test group at 6 months compared to baseline ( P <0.05). In contrast, only the Eastman bleeding index was significantly reduced in the control group ( P <0.05). The reduction in the index of gingival inflammation for the test group was significantly greater than for the control group ( P = 0.004). Subj
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the color change in enamel bleached with herbal bleaching agents using a spectrophotometer. Introduction: Tooth discoloration is a common concern affecting individuals' aesthetics, leading to an increased demand for tooth whitening procedures. Herbal bleaching agents have gained attention due to their perceived safety and efficacy. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of Musa sapientum, Citrus sinensis, and Citrus limon in tooth whitening compared to hydrogen peroxide. Materials and Methods: Forty artificially stained premolars were randomly selected,
Objective: This clinical trial evaluated the effect of 1.5% potassium oxalate (PO) in controlling sensitivity and color change after at-home tooth whitening. It also evaluated the influence of PO on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and the degree of patient satisfaction after bleaching treatment. Materials and methods: Fifty volunteers were randomized into two groups (n = 25): At-home bleaching gel with 22% carbamide peroxide for 45 min + placebo gel (GP) or 1.5% PO (GPO) for 10 min. The intensity of tooth sensitivity was assessed daily through the visual analog scale. The color analysis
Background: The clinical evidence relate the effect of associating the in-office and at home vital tooth whitening, describing positive effects on tooth color change and reduction of dental sensitivity. Objective: The purpose of this randomized double-blind clinical trial was to evaluate the effect on the shortened application of in-office vital tooth whitening combined with different concentrations of at-home peroxides in the final tooth color change and dental sensitivity. Methods: Randomized double-blind clinical trial with 120 participants between 18-65 years, allocated in four tooth white
Objective: This split-mouth randomized controlled clinical trial assessed the effect of 10% strontium chloride in combination with photobiomodulation (PBM) for the control of tooth sensitivity (TS) post-bleaching. Methods: The upper/lower, right and left quadrants of fifty volunteers were randomized and allocated to four groups (n = 25): PLACEBO—placebo gel + simulation of PBM; Placebo + PBM; STRONTIUM—10% strontium chloride + simulation of PBM; and PBM + STRONTIUM—10% strontium chloride + PBM. All groups received tooth bleaching treatment with 35% hydrogen peroxide. For the PBM treatment, the
To provide a narrative review on vital dental whitening chemistry, toxicity and safety, vital dental whitening techniques, whitening systems, potential side effects of whitening and cyclic whitening using products with a range of concentrations and pH values. In addition, new developments and recommendations in the field of vital dental whitening will be presented to help clinicians understand the whitening process, its advantages, limitations, and the impact of whitening concentration and pH on enamel providing guidance in tailoring whitening treatments. Data were gathered using the following keywords: dental whitening, roughness, hardness, sensitivity, hydrogen peroxide, whitening pH, whitening concentration, whitening chemistry, colour, and toxicity. An electronic search was performed using PubMed and Scopus databases. Bibliographic material from papers reviewed was then used to find other relevant publications. The effectiveness of vital dental whitening depends on many factors, such as the concentration/pH of the whitening agent, application duration, chemical additives, and re-mineralising agents used. Developing new whitening products and technologies such as nano-additives and alternative carrier systems is showing promising results, and might prove efficient in maximising whitening benefits by accelerating the whitening reaction and/or minimising expected reversible/irreversible enamel structural damage.
Abstract : Background: Vital bleaching is most requested cosmetic dental procedure asked by patients who seek pleasing smile. Laser helps to reduce the stain and helps in teeth whitening. Aim: To investigate the effect of laser therapy induced by teeth bleaching. Methodology: A Literature review was performed using PubMed, Medline, PMC, Grey literature, Cochrane, Prospero, Wiley online library using MeSH term laser and teeth bleaching. Of a total 1658 appeared from various sources; all articles were screened and 14 were related to the research question and 5 were selected for the study. This r
Abstract This in vitro study investigates the effects of various bleaching agents on the color stability of extracted human teeth in two different staining media, Pepsi and saffron. Twenty human incisors were randomly allocated into four groups: a control group that was not treated with bleach, two groups treated with different concentrations of carbamide peroxide (22% and 16%), and a group treated with a peroxide-free bleaching agent containing phenolmidoperoxycaproic acid (PAP). Color measurements were taken at baseline, after bleaching, and following staining with either Pepsi or saffron. Statistical analysis revealed the bleaching treatments significantly affected the color, with the PAP-based bleaching agent demonstrating the lowest level of color change. Post hoc analysis confirmed significant differences between all pairs of groups, with Group 4 (PAP-based) showing the lowest mean color change. The study highlights the efficacy of peroxide-free bleaching agents and underscores its potential as a safe and effective alternative to traditional peroxide-based bleaching agents. Limitations include the in vitro nature of the study and the relatively small sample size. Future research should explore the long-term effects of different bleaching agents and staining conditions on safety and tooth color stability.
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