Hyaluronic acid does not dissolve in skin tissue easily
the verdict
CONTESTED PARTIAL
refutedsupported
the weight of evidence
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The available literature presents mixed evidence regarding the behavior of hyaluronic acid in tissue; some studies indicate that hydrogels can absorb water without immediate dissolution, while others note that injected hyaluronic acid can dissolve spontaneously over time.
Abstract A hydrogel normally consists of a natural polymer and forms a three-dimensional network of hydrophilic polymeric chains. Hydrogels swell by absorption of a large amount of water without dissolution. Additionally, hydrogels indicate exceptional structural and mechanical characteristics that are comparable to those of the skin extracellular matrix (ECM) and tissues. These properties can make hydrogels appropriate biomaterials for application as scaffolds in the development of drug delivery systems, therapeutics, tissue engineering, imaging, and medical devices. Natural polysaccharides are commonly applied to deliver therapeutics because they are very biocompatible and biodegradable and are developed as complexes/conjugates with peptides, proteins, and various biomacromolecules. The most extensively studied polysaccharides include chitosan, sodium alginate, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate. These polysaccharides are usually combined with other polymers to provide the preferred biochemical properties. The drugs used in film forming polymers for transdermal drug delivery must have suitable features and do not show dependencies to the dosage form. Drugs utilized in polymeric systems are commonly extremely potent and can quickly permeate the skin, but they do not cause skin irritation and are quite stable against enzymes existing in the epidermis. This chapter presents the most substantial recently reported findings using chitosan, hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, gelatin, gellan gum, guar gum, acacia gum, pectin, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, collagen, alginate, and smart hydrogels for transdermal drug delivery. In addition, the chapter presents our research results on the development of electrospun nanofibrous three-layered chitosan-polyethylene oxide/polylactic acid/chitosan-polyethylene oxide (CS-PEO/PLA/CS-PEO) mats containing green tea (GT) extract.
We describe the treatment of lower eyelid cicatricial ectropion in a 24 year old male using volumizing hyaluronic acid (HA) filler. One milliliter of Juvéderm Voluma was injected directly under the skin in each lower eyelid to create a large bubble. The filler was dissolved with hyaluronidase (750 I.U. / side) 5 months later, achieving an excellent and stable functional and cosmetic result. There was a 2.4 mm improvement in MRD-2 with the filler in place which decreased to 1.72 mm at 6 months after filler dissolution with hyaluronidase. This resulted in complete resolution of the signs and symptoms of corneal exposure. To date, there have been reports of low density HA injection for the treatment of cicatricial ectropion in elderly patients as well as infants with lamellar ichthyosis. In these cases the HA was injected and left in place to dissolve itself. Our case is the first report of a HA with high G’ properties injected directly under the skin followed by complete dissolution with hyaluronidase once the tissue expansion took place.
Endometrial injury poses a significant challenge in tissue regeneration, with type III collagen (COL III) playing a pivotal role in maintaining endometrial integrity and facilitating repair. Our study explored the utility of recombinant human type III collagen (RHC) as an intervention for endometrial damage. To address the challenges associated with the inherent instability and rapid degradation of COL III in vivo, we developed an RHC-HA hydrogel by conjugating RHC with hyaluronic acid (HA), thus ensuring a more stable and sustained delivery. Our findings suggested that the RHC-HA hydrogel significantly promoted endometrial regeneration and restored fertility. The hydrogel facilitated prolonged retention of RHC in the uterus, leading to a substantial improvement in the repair process. The synergistic interaction between RHC and HA greatly enhances cell proliferation and adhesion, surpassing the efficacy of HA or RHC alone. Additionally, the RHC-HA hydrogel demonstrated notable anti-fibrotic effects, which are crucial for preventing abnormalities during endometrial healing. These findings suggested that the RHC-HA hydrogel presented a therapeutic strategy in the treatment of uterine endometrial injuries, which may improve female reproductive health.
We describe the treatment of lower eyelid cicatricial ectropion in a 24-year-old male using volumizing hyaluronic acid (HA) filler. One milliliter of Juvéderm Voluma® (Allergan) was injected directly under the skin in each lower eyelid to create a large bubble. The filler was dissolved with hyaluronidase (750 I.U. / side) 5 months later, achieving an excellent and stable functional and cosmetic result. There was a 2.4 mm improvement in MRD-2 with the filler in place, which decreased to 1.72 mm at 6 months after filler dissolution with hyaluronidase. This resulted in complete resolution of the signs and symptoms of corneal exposure. To date, there have been reports of low density HA injection for the treatment of cicatricial ectropion in elderly patients as well as infants with lamellar ichthyosis. In these cases, the HA was injected and left in place to dissolve spontaneously by itself. Our case is the first report of a HA with high G properties injected directly under the skin, followed by complete dissolution with hyaluronidase once the tissue expansion took place.
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