Wood frogs tolerate freezing through cryoprotectants that prevent cellular damage
the verdict
SUPPORTED
the evidence backs this
confidence 88/100
Wood frogs survive sub-zero winter temperatures by producing and distributing cryoprotectants like glucose and urea, which prevent severe cellular damage and limit tissue dehydration during freezing.
Evidence for · 6
Glucose Concentration Regulates Freeze Tolerance In the Wood Frog <i>Rana Sylvatica</i>
1993 · cited by 101
Demonstrates that glucose acts as a cryoprotectant that increases freeze tolerance and reduces cellular injury in wood frogs.
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More for · 5
Cryoprotectants and Extreme Freeze Tolerance in a Subarctic Population of the Wood Frog
2015 · cited by 68
Shows that subarctic wood frogs accumulate elevated levels of cryoprotectants like glucose and urea to survive extreme freezing temperatures.
Stress-induced antioxidant defense and protein chaperone response in the freeze-tolerant wood frog Rana sylvatica.
2018 · cited by 26
Highlights that wood frogs trigger protective mechanisms, including protein chaperones and antioxidants, to manage cellular stress caused by freezing and ice formation.
Glucose and urea metabolic enzymes are differentially phosphorylated during freezing, anoxia, and dehydration exposures in a freeze tolerant frog.
2019 · cited by 22
Examines metabolic adaptations and enzymes involved in producing glucose and urea as cryoprotectants during freezing exposure.
Mitochondria and the Frozen Frog.
2021 · cited by 20
Details how wood frogs limit cell volume reduction and cellular damage through small molecule cryoprotectants such as glucose and urea.
Hepatic transcriptome of the freeze-tolerant Cope's gray treefrog, Dryophytes chrysoscelis: responses to cold acclimation and freezing.
2020 · cited by 15
Notes that freeze-tolerant treefrogs withstand corporeal freezing partly by accumulating hepatic cryoprotective compounds like glucose, glycerol, and urea.